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PAM‐relaxed and temperature‐tolerant CRISPR‐Mb3Cas12a single transcript unit systems for efficient singular and multiplexed genome editing in rice, maize, and tomato
Plant Biotechnology Journal ( IF 10.1 ) Pub Date : 2024-10-10 , DOI: 10.1111/pbi.14486
Shishi Liu, Yao He, Tingting Fan, Meirui Zhu, Caiyan Qi, Yanqin Ma, Mengqiao Yang, Liang Yang, Xu Tang, Jianping Zhou, Zhaohui Zhong, Xueli An, Yiping Qi, Yong Zhang

SummaryClass 2 Type V‐A CRISPR‐Cas (Cas12a) nucleases are powerful genome editing tools, particularly effective in A/T‐rich genomic regions, complementing the widely used CRISPR‐Cas9 in plants. To enhance the utility of Cas12a, we investigate three Cas12a orthologs—Mb3Cas12a, PrCas12a, and HkCas12a—in plants. Protospacer adjacent motif (PAM) requirements, editing efficiencies, and editing profiles are compared in rice. Among these orthologs, Mb3Cas12a exhibits high editing efficiency at target sites with a simpler, relaxed TTV PAM which is less restrictive than the canonical TTTV PAM of LbCas12a and AsCas12a. To optimize Mb3Cas12a, we develop an efficient single transcription unit (STU) system by refining the linker between Mb3Cas12a and CRISPR RNA (crRNA), nuclear localization signal (NLS), and direct repeat (DR). This optimized system enables precise genome editing in rice, particularly for fine‐tuning target gene expression by editing promoter regions. Further, we introduced Arginine (R) substitutions at Aspartic acid (D) 172, Asparagine (N) 573, and Lysine (K) 579 of Mb3Cas12a, creating two temperature‐tolerant variants: Mb3Cas12a‐R (D172R) and Mb3Cas12a‐RRR (D172R/N573R/K579R). These variants demonstrate significantly improved editing efficiency at lower temperatures (22 °C and 28 °C) in rice cells, with Mb3Cas12a‐RRR showing the best performance. We extend this approach by developing efficient Mb3Cas12a‐RRR STU systems in maize and tomato, achieving biallelic mutants targeting single or multiple genes in T0 lines cultivated at 28 °C and 25 °C, respectively. This study significantly expands Cas12a's targeting capabilities in plant genome editing, providing valuable tools for future research and practical applications.

中文翻译:


PAM 松弛且耐温的 CRISPR-Mb3Cas12a 单转录本单元系统,用于水稻、玉米和番茄的高效单一和多重基因组编辑



摘要2 类 V-A CRISPR-CAS (Cas12a) 核酸酶是强大的基因组编辑工具,在富含 A/T 的基因组区域特别有效,补充了植物中广泛使用的 CRISPR-Cas9。为了提高 Cas12a 的实用性,我们研究了植物中的三个 Cas12a 直系同源物——Mb3Cas12a、PrCas12a 和 HkCas12a。在水稻中比较了原始间隔区相邻基序 (PAM) 要求、编辑效率和编辑谱。在这些直系同源物中,Mb3Cas12a 在靶位点表现出高编辑效率,具有更简单、宽松的 TTV PAM,比 LbCas12a 和 AsCas12a 的经典 TTTV PAM 限制更少。为了优化 Mb3Cas12a,我们通过改进 Mb3Cas12a 和 CRISPR RNA (crRNA) 、核定位信号 (NLS) 和直接重复 (DR) 之间的接头,开发了一种高效的单转录单元 (STU) 系统。这种优化的系统能够在水稻中进行精确的基因组编辑,特别是通过编辑启动子区域来微调靶基因表达。此外,我们在 Mb3Cas12a 的天冬氨酸 (D) 172、天冬酰胺 (N) 573 和赖氨酸 (K) 579 处引入了精氨酸 (R) 取代,产生了两种耐温变体:Mb3Cas12a-R (D172R) 和 Mb3Cas12a-RRR (D172R/N573R/K579R)。这些变体在水稻细胞的较低温度 (22 °C 和 28 °C) 下表现出显着提高的编辑效率,其中 Mb3Cas12a-RRR 显示出最佳性能。我们通过在玉米和番茄中开发高效的 Mb3Cas12a-RRR STU 系统来扩展这种方法,分别在 28 °C 和 25 °C 下培养的 T0 系中实现靶向单个或多个基因的双等位基因突变体。这项研究显著扩展了 Cas12a 在植物基因组编辑中的靶向能力,为未来的研究和实际应用提供了有价值的工具。
更新日期:2024-10-10
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