Recent advances in the isolation of masked gem-carbodications have shown that such species may be more accessible than we thought. This perspective article summarizes the milestones of the last 140 years of research and aims to point the way toward the isolation of species containing true four-valence-electron carbon. Currently, strong mesomeric donation or coordination by donor ligands is used to stabilize such dications. Achieving true localization of both charges on a single atom will require smart combinations of inductive donation, hyperconjugation, and steric hindrance.

中文翻译：

---

在通往可分离的双子动脉碳化的道路上


分离掩蔽宝石碳化的最新进展表明，此类物种可能比我们想象的更容易获得。这篇透视文章总结了过去 140 年研究的里程碑，旨在为分离含有真正四价电子碳的物质指明方向。目前，供体配体的强介体供体或协调用于稳定此类配对。在单个原子上实现两种电荷的真正定位需要诱导供体、高共轭和空间位阻的巧妙组合。