Rationally designing anode electrocatalysts is crucial for advancing next-generation proton exchange membrane water electrolyzers (PEMWEs). However, the most developed oxygen evolution catalysts in labs often cannot be directly applied to commercial PEMWEs due to differences in durability, performance, and cost. In this perspective, we review these gaps between fundamental lab research and practical device requirements and propose solutions to bridge them. We cover degradation mechanisms and durability evaluations in lab-scale aqueous model systems (AMSs) and PEMWEs. The need for performance benchmarking for anode screening and assessment is addressed, emphasizing reliable test protocols in AMSs and PEMWEs. Additionally, we discuss the importance of cost reduction in anodic catalyst design for future PEMWEs systems. Finally, we highlight major challenges and propose outlooks for anode design in fab-oriented applications to achieve the ultimate green hydrogen goal of “1 kg H₂ produced by 1 USD in 1 decade” (“111” goal).

中文翻译：

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弥合质子交换膜水电解槽的实验室和晶圆厂导向阳极设计之间的差距


合理设计阳极电催化剂对于推进下一代质子交换膜水电解槽 （PEMWE） 至关重要。然而，由于耐用性、性能和成本的差异，实验室中最开发的析氧催化剂通常无法直接应用于商业 PEMWE。从这个角度来看，我们回顾了基础实验室研究和实际设备需求之间的差距，并提出了弥合这些差距的解决方案。我们介绍了实验室规模水性模型系统 （AMS） 和 PEMWE 中的降解机制和耐久性评估。解决了阳极筛选和评估的性能基准测试需求，强调 AMS 和 PEMWE 中可靠的测试协议。此外，我们还讨论了阳极催化剂设计中降低成本对未来 PEMWEs 系统的重要性。最后，我们强调了主要挑战，并提出了面向晶圆厂的应用中阳极设计的前景，以实现“1 年内 1 美元生产 1 kg H₂”的最终绿色氢目标（“111”目标）。