Reactions on electrocatalytic interfaces often involve multiple processes, including the diffusion, adsorption, and conversion of reaction species and the interaction between reactants and electrocatalysts. Generally, these processes are constantly changing rather than being in a steady state. Recently, dynamic evolution processes on electrocatalytic interfaces have attracted increasing attention owing to their significant roles in catalytic reaction kinetics. In this review, we aim to provide insights into the dynamic evolution processes in electrocatalysis to emphasize the importance of unsteady-state processes in electrocatalysis. Specifically, the dynamic structure evolution of electrocatalysts, methods for the characterization of the dynamic evolution and the strategies for the regulation of the dynamic evolution for improving electrocatalytic performance are summarized. Finally, the conclusion and outlook on the research on dynamic evolution processes in electrocatalysis are presented. It is hoped that this review will provide a deeper understanding of dynamic evolution in electrocatalysis, and studies of electrocatalytic reaction processes and kinetics on the unsteady-state microscopic spatial and temporal scales will be given more attention.

中文翻译：

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电催化中的动态演化过程：结构演化、表征和调控


电催化界面上的反应通常涉及多个过程，包括反应物质的扩散、吸附和转化以及反应物和电催化剂之间的相互作用。通常，这些过程是不断变化的，而不是处于稳定状态。近年来，电催化界面上的动态演化过程因其在催化反应动力学中的重要作用而受到越来越多的关注。在这篇综述中，我们旨在提供对电催化中动态进化过程的见解，以强调非稳态过程在电催化中的重要性。具体来说，总结了电催化剂的动态结构演变、表征动态演变的方法以及调节动态演变以提高电催化性能的策略。最后，对电催化中动态演化过程的研究进行了总结和展望。希望本文能为电催化的动力学演化提供更深入的理解，并在非稳态微观空间和时间尺度上对电催化反应过程和动力学的研究得到更多的关注。