Chitosan (CS), a natural cationic biopolymer derived from chitin, has emerged as a promising component for synthesizing biological/bioinspired metal–organic frameworks (BioMOFs). CS’s biodegradability, low toxicity, mucoadhesive properties, and biocompatibility due to its amino and hydroxyl groups make it ideal for developing BioMOFs with applications in biomedicine, catalysis, sensing, food and environmental remediation. CS-based MOFs combine the structural diversity and tunability of MOFs (metal ions and organic linkers) with CS’s inherent advantages, expanding the possibilities for designing functional materials with tailored properties. Incorporating CS into MOF synthesis modulates surface chemistry, pore size, structure, stability, and biocompatibility, making BioMOFs suitable for various biomedical applications (therapeutics, stimuli-responsive drug delivery, antibacterial, anti-inflammatory, wound healing, antidiabetic, and anticancer), food technology (preservation, coating and packaging), and environmental remediation (dye, antibiotic, pesticide removal as sorbents and photocatalysts). This review explores the preparation, properties, and applications of biopolymer CS-based MOFs, which have not been comprehensively summarized in previous reviews. We discuss the potential applications of BioMOFs in biomedicine, environmental remediation, and other fields, highlighting their versatility and potential impact. By comprehensively analyzing recent advancements and challenges in CS-based MOFs, this review aims to provide insights into future directions and opportunities for leveraging CS’s unique properties in MOF design and applications.

中文翻译：

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探索壳聚糖功能化金属有机框架在新兴应用中的合成、特性和潜力


壳聚糖 （CS） 是一种源自甲壳素的天然阳离子生物聚合物，已成为合成生物/生物启发金属有机框架 （BioMOFs） 的有前途的成分。由于其氨基和羟基，CS 的生物降解性、低毒性、粘膜粘附性以及生物相容性使其成为开发 BioMOF 的理想选择，可应用于生物医学、催化、传感、食品和环境修复。基于 CS 的 MOF 将 MOF（金属离子和有机连接剂）的结构多样性和可调性与 CS 的固有优势相结合，扩展了设计具有定制特性的功能性材料的可能性。将 CS 掺入 MOF 合成中可调节表面化学、孔径、结构、稳定性和生物相容性，使 BioMOF 适用于各种生物医学应用（治疗、刺激反应药物递送、抗菌、抗炎、伤口愈合、抗糖尿病和抗癌）、食品技术（保存、涂层和包装）和环境修复（染料、抗生素、农药去除作为吸附剂和光催化剂）。本文探讨了生物聚合物基于 CS 的 MOF 的制备、性质和应用，这些在以前的评论中没有全面总结。我们讨论了 BioMOF 在生物医学、环境修复和其他领域的潜在应用，强调了它们的多功能性和潜在影响。通过全面分析基于 COF 的 MOF 的最新进展和挑战，本文旨在为在 MOF 设计和应用中利用 CS 的独特特性的未来方向和机会提供见解。