The immune system recognizes a multitude of innocuous antigens from food and intestinal commensal microbes toward which it orchestrates appropriate, non-inflammatory responses. This process requires antigen-presenting cells (APCs) that induce T cells with either regulatory or effector functions. Compromised APC function disrupts the T cell balance, leading to inflammation and dysbiosis. Although their precise identities continue to be debated, it has become clear that multiple APC lineages direct the differentiation of distinct microbiota-specific CD4⁺ T cell programs. Here, we review how unique APC subsets instruct T cell differentiation and function in response to microbiota and dietary antigens. These discoveries provide new opportunities to investigate T cell-APC regulatory networks controlling immune homeostasis and perturbations associated with inflammatory and allergic diseases.

中文翻译：

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抗原呈递细胞是肠道 T 细胞功能的特殊驱动因素


免疫系统从食物和肠道共生微生物中识别大量无害抗原，并针对这些抗原编排适当的非炎症反应。这个过程需要抗原呈递细胞 （APC），以诱导具有调节或效应功能的 T 细胞。APC 功能受损会破坏 T 细胞平衡，导致炎症和生态失调。尽管它们的确切身份仍然存在争议，但很明显，多个 APC 谱系指导不同微生物群特异性 CD4⁺ T 细胞程序的分化。在这里，我们回顾了独特的 APC 亚群如何指导 T 细胞分化和响应微生物群和膳食抗原的功能。这些发现为研究控制免疫稳态和与炎症和过敏性疾病相关的扰动的 T 细胞-APC 调节网络提供了新的机会。