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Association of Energy Intake and Dietary Glycemic Load in Different Time Periods With Cardiovascular Disease Mortality Among U.S. Adults With Type 2 Diabetes
Diabetes Care ( IF 14.8 ) Pub Date : 2024-10-08 , DOI: 10.2337/dc24-1345
Jin Dai, Roch Nianogo, Tannaz Moin, Nathan D. Wong, Qibin Qi, Daniela Sotres-Alvarez, Liwei Chen

OBJECTIVE To examine the associations of energy intake and glycemic load (GL) in different time periods during the day with cardiovascular disease (CVD) mortality risk in adults with type 2 diabetes. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS This cohort study included 2,911 adults with diabetes from who were part of the U.S. National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2003–2014 (baseline), and CVD mortality data obtained by linkage to the National Death Index through 2019. Energy intake and GL in early morning (6:00–7:59 a.m.), late morning (8:00–10:59 a.m.), afternoon (11:00 a.m.–5:59 p.m.), evening (6:00–11:59 p.m.), and night (0:00–5:59 a.m.) were derived from two 24-h dietary recalls at baseline. Cox models were used to estimate hazard ratios (HRs) for CVD mortality, adjusted for total energy intake, diet quality, sociodemographic and lifestyle characteristics, and medical conditions. RESULTS At baseline, the study population (51.8% female, 62.3% non-Hispanic White) had a mean age of 57.4 (SE, 0.4) years. Over a median follow-up of 9.3 (interquartile range = 6.8, 12.1) years, 190 CVD deaths were documented. Energy intake and GL in late morning were inversely associated with CVD mortality risk (per 100-kcal energy intake increment, HR 0.90 [95% CI 0.83–0.98]; per 10-unit GL increment, HR 0.86 [95% CI 0.77–0.95]). In contrast, energy intake and GL at night were positively associated with CVD mortality risk (per 100-kcal energy intake increment, HR 1.22 [95% CI 1.07–1.40]; per 10-unit GL increment, HR 1.44 [95% CI 1.17–1.77]). CONCLUSIONS For adults with type 2 diabetes, late morning may be a protective eating time against CVD mortality, whereas night may be a detrimental eating time.

中文翻译:


不同时期能量摄入和膳食血糖负荷与美国 2 型糖尿病成人患者心血管疾病死亡率的相关性



目的 探讨成人 2 型糖尿病患者一天中不同时段的能量摄入和血糖负荷 (GL) 与心血管疾病 (CVD) 死亡风险的相关性。研究设计和方法 该队列研究包括 2,911 名成年糖尿病患者,他们是 2003-2014 年美国国家健康和营养检查调查(基线)的一部分,以及通过与 2019 年全国死亡指数相关联获得的 CVD 死亡率数据。清晨 (6:00–7:59)、上午晚些时候 (上午 8:00–10:59)、下午 (11:00–17:59)、晚上 (6:00–11:59 p.m.) 和夜间 (0:00–5:59 a.m.) 的能量摄入和 GL 来自基线时的两次 24 小时饮食回忆。Cox 模型用于估计 CVD 死亡率的风险比 (HRs),并根据总能量摄入、饮食质量、社会人口学和生活方式特征以及医疗条件进行调整。结果 在基线时,研究人群 (51.8% 女性,62.3% 非西班牙裔白人) 的平均年龄为 57.4 (SE, 0.4) 岁。在中位随访 9.3 年 (四分位距 = 6.8, 12.1) 年中,记录了 190 例 CVD 死亡。上午晚些时候的能量摄入和 GL 与 CVD 死亡风险呈负相关 (每 100 kcal 能量摄入增量,HR 0.90 [95% CI 0.83-0.98];每 10 单位 GL 增量,HR 0.86 [95% CI 0.77-0.95])。相比之下,夜间能量摄入和 GL 与 CVD 死亡风险呈正相关(每 100 kcal 能量摄入增加,HR 1.22 [95% CI 1.07-1.40];每 10 个单位 GL 增加,HR 1.44 [95% CI 1.17-1.77])。结论 对于 2 型糖尿病成人患者,清晨晚些时候可能是预防 CVD 死亡率的保护性进食时间,而晚上可能是有害的进食时间。
更新日期:2024-10-08
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