Group A streptococcus (GAS) is a pathogen typically transmitted through respiratory droplets and skin contact, causing an estimated 700 million mild non-invasive infections worldwide each year. There are approximately 650 000 infections that progress to severe invasive infections, even resulting in death. Therefore, the ability to detect GAS rapidly, accurately and in real time is important. Herein, we developed a nanozyme linked multi-array gas driven sensor (NLMAGS) to point-of-care testing of GAS within 2 h. The NLMAGS demonstrated excellent performance as it combined the advantages of nanozyme techniques, immunoassay techniques, and 3D printing techniques. Platinum- and palladium-rich nanozyme particles (Au@Pt@PdNPs) were synthesized and used to label monocloning antibodies as detection probes. Magnetic beads were labeled with monocloning antibodies as capture probes to establish a double-antibody sandwich immunoassay for the detection of GAS. The sandwich immune complex can catalyze the H₂O₂ substrate and produce O₂. GAS quantification can be achieved by measuring the distance that the O₂ pushes the ink drops forward in the sensor. Under optimized conditions, the NLMAGS quantitatively detected 24 spiked samples with a limit of detection (LOD) of 62 CFU mL⁻¹, which was 5 times lower than that of ELISA (334 CFU mL⁻¹). A strong correlation with the conventional ELISA was found (r = 0.99, P < 0.001). In comparison, the traditional lateral flow immunoassay based on Au@Pt@PdNPs-mAb2 (Au@Pt@PdNPs-LFIA) had a LOD of 10⁴ CFU mL⁻¹, which was significantly higher than that of NLMAGS. The NLMAGS demonstrated excellent sensitivity to GAS. The intra- and inter-assay precisions of the sensor were below 15%. Overall, the established NLMAGS has promising potential as a rapid and quantitative method for detecting GAS and can also be used to detect various pathogens.

中文翻译：

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用于 A 组链球菌实时定量检测的 Nanozyme 连接多阵列气体驱动传感器


A 组链球菌 （GAS） 是一种病原体，通常通过呼吸道飞沫和皮肤接触传播，估计每年在全球范围内造成 7 亿例轻度非侵入性感染。大约有 650 000 例感染发展为严重的侵袭性感染，甚至导致死亡。因此，快速、准确和实时检测 GAS 的能力非常重要。在此，我们开发了一种纳米酶连接的多阵列气体驱动传感器 （NLMAGS），可在 2 小时内对 GAS 进行即时检测。NLMAGS 结合了纳米酶技术、免疫测定技术和 3D 打印技术的优势，因此表现出优异的性能。合成富含铂和钯的纳米酶颗粒 （Au@Pt@PdNPs） 并用于标记单克隆抗体作为检测探针。用单克隆抗体作为捕获探针标记磁珠，以建立用于检测 GAS 的双抗体夹心免疫测定法。夹心免疫复合物可以催化 H₂O₂ 底物并产生 O₂。气体定量可以通过测量 O₂ 在传感器中将墨水滴向前推的距离来实现。在优化条件下，NLMAGS 定量检测了 24 个加标样品，检测限 （LOD） 为 62 CFU ^mL-1，比 ELISA （334 CFU ^mL-1） 低 5 倍。发现与常规 ELISA 有很强的相关性 （r = 0.99，P % 3C 0.001）。 相比之下，基于 Au@Pt@PdNPs-mAb2 （Au@Pt@PdNPs-LFIA） 的传统侧流免疫测定的 LOD 为 10⁴ CFU ^mL-1，显著高于 NLMAGS。NLMAGS 对 GAS 表现出极好的敏感性。传感器的批内和批间精密度低于 15%。总体而言，已建立的 NLMAGS 作为检测 GAS 的快速和定量方法具有广阔的潜力，也可用于检测各种病原体。