Genetic code expansion is a promising genetic engineering technology that incorporates noncanonical amino acids into proteins alongside the natural set of 20 amino acids. This enables the precise encoding of non-natural chemical groups in proteins. This review focuses on the applications of genetic code expansion in bioelectrocatalysis and biomaterials. In bioelectrocatalysis, this technique enhances the efficiency and selectivity of bioelectrocatalysts for use in sensors, biofuel cells, and enzymatic electrodes. In biomaterials, incorporating non-natural chemical groups into protein-based polymers facilitates the modification, fine-tuning, or the engineering of new biomaterial properties. The review provides an overview of relevant technologies, discusses applications, and highlights achievements, challenges, and prospects in these fields.

中文翻译：

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扩展生物电催化和生物材料的遗传密码


遗传密码扩展是一项很有前途的基因工程技术，它将非经典氨基酸与天然的 20 个氨基酸一起整合到蛋白质中。这使得蛋白质中的非天然化学基团能够精确编码。本文重点介绍遗传密码扩展在生物电催化和生物材料中的应用。在生物电催化中，该技术提高了用于传感器、生物燃料电池和酶电极的生物电催化剂的效率和选择性。在生物材料中，将非天然化学基团掺入基于蛋白质的聚合物中有助于修饰、微调或设计新的生物材料特性。该综述概述了相关技术，讨论了应用，并强调了这些领域的成就、挑战和前景。