Colorectal cancer (CRC) is a leading cause of cancer-related mortality worldwide. Platinum-based drugs, such as cisplatin and oxaliplatin, are frontline chemotherapy for CRC, effective in both monotherapy and combination regimens. However, the clinical efficacy of these treatments is often undermined by the development of drug resistance, a significant obstacle in cancer therapy. In recent years, epigenetic alterations have been recognized as key players in the acquisition of resistance to platinum drugs. Targeting these dysregulated epigenetic mechanisms with small molecules represents a promising therapeutic strategy. This review explores the complex relationship between epigenetic changes and platinum resistance in CRC, highlighting current epigenetic therapies and their effectiveness in countering resistance mechanisms. By elucidating the epigenetic underpinnings of platinum resistance, this review aims to contribute to ongoing efforts to improve treatment outcomes for CRC patients.

中文翻译：

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打破障碍：对抗结直肠癌铂耐药性的表观遗传学策略


结直肠癌 （CRC） 是全球癌症相关死亡的主要原因。铂类药物，如顺铂和奥沙利铂，是 CRC 的一线化疗，在单药治疗和联合治疗方案中均有效。然而，这些治疗的临床疗效往往因耐药性的发展而受到破坏，这是癌症治疗的一个重大障碍。近年来，表观遗传改变被认为是获得铂类药物耐药性的关键因素。用小分子靶向这些失调的表观遗传机制代表了一种很有前途的治疗策略。本综述探讨了 CRC 中表观遗传变化与铂耐药之间的复杂关系，重点介绍了当前的表观遗传疗法及其在对抗耐药机制方面的有效性。通过阐明铂类耐药的表观遗传学基础，本综述旨在为改善 CRC 患者治疗结果的持续努力做出贡献。