With the rapid expansion of applications in agriculture, nanotechnology has emerged as an effective alternative for alleviating abiotic stress in plants. In this study, the effects of silicon nanoparticles (SiNPs) on Na⁺ accumulation and salt stress in tomatoes were investigated. The results showed that a concentration of 200 mg L⁻¹ SiNPs significantly improved tomato growth. Furthermore, photosynthesis and chlorophyll content showed positive responses to SiNPs treatment compared to salt treatment alone. Additionally, the application of 200 mg L⁻¹ SiNPs effectively mitigated salt-induced oxidative stress by increasing the activity of antioxidant enzymes and reducing the levels of H₂O₂ (by 41.59% and 34.40%) and MDA (by 45.47% and 49.99%). Simultaneously, SiNPs treatment led to significant increases in the contents of K⁺ and Si in tomato seedlings, while decreasing the absorption of Na⁺. qPCR results demonstrated that SiNPs significantly up-regulated the expression of genes related to antioxidant stress defense and salt tolerance. In summary, SiNPs hold promise as potential modifiers to enhance the response and tolerance to salt stress in tomatoes.

中文翻译：

---

纳米硅在盐胁迫下促进番茄生长和抗氧化防御


随着农业应用的迅速扩展，纳米技术已成为缓解植物非生物胁迫的有效替代方案。本研究研究了硅纳米颗粒 （SiNPs） 对西红柿 Na⁺ 积累和盐胁迫的影响。结果表明，200 mg ^L-1 SiNPs 的浓度显著改善了番茄的生长。此外，与单独盐处理相比，光合作用和叶绿素含量对 SiNPs 处理表现出积极的响应。此外，200 mg ^L-1 SiNPs 的应用通过增加抗氧化酶的活性和降低 H₂O₂ （降低 41.59% 和 34.40%） 和 MDA （降低 45.47% 和 49.99%） 的水平，有效地减轻了盐诱导的氧化应激。同时，SiNPs 处理导致番茄幼苗中 K⁺ 和 Si 含量显著增加，同时降低了 Na⁺ 的吸收。qPCR 结果表明，SiNPs 显著上调抗氧化应激防御和耐盐相关基因的表达。总之，SiNPs 有望成为增强番茄对盐胁迫的反应和耐受性的潜在改性剂。