Exposure of the hepatic artery is a fundamental step in many surgeries, during which iatrogenic hepatic artery injury may occur. Although the incidence of hepatic artery haemorrhage is low, its occurrence can lead to life-threatening haemorrhage. It is difficult and dangerous to accumulate clinical experience in laparoscopic hepatic artery repair in actual patients, and simulation training models for laparoscopic hepatic artery repair are currently lacking. In this study, a 3D printed model was designed to simulate the training curriculum for sudden hepatic artery haemorrhage, but whether training with the 3D printed model could yield superior skill improvement for surgeons remained to be determined. A new 3D printed model was designed for this study. Surgeons from the General Surgery Department of Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital participated in this simulation training. The surgical performance of each model was compared, and the authenticity of the model was evaluated and mechanically tested. Experienced surgeons performed better on the 3D printed model. After repeated training, inexperienced surgeons showed significant improvement of their laparoscopic hepatic artery repair skills. The authenticity of the model was generally satisfactory, but shortcomings persisted in the mechanical testing of artery wall tearing, necessitating further improvement. Few studies have investigated laparoscopic simulation training for sudden hepatic artery haemorrhage. This simulation model distinguishes surgeons with different levels of experience and allows those with less experience to improve their laparoscopic hepatic artery repair skills through training on the model.

中文翻译：

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腹腔镜肝脏手术中危及生命的事件：肝动脉突发出血的培训课程


肝动脉暴露是许多手术的基本步骤，在此期间可能会发生医源性肝动脉损伤。虽然肝动脉出血的发生率很低，但其发生可导致危及生命的出血。在实际患者中积累腹腔镜肝动脉修复的临床经验既困难又危险，目前缺乏腹腔镜肝动脉修复的模拟训练模型。在这项研究中，设计了一个 3D 打印模型来模拟突发肝动脉出血的培训课程，但使用 3D 打印模型进行培训是否能为外科医生带来卓越的技能提升仍有待确定。为这项研究设计了一个新的 3D 打印模型。来自 Sir Run Run Shaw 医院普通外科的外科医生参加了这次模拟训练。比较每个模型的手术性能，并评估和机械测试模型的真实性。经验丰富的外科医生在 3D 打印模型上表现更好。经过反复培训，缺乏经验的外科医生表现出腹腔镜肝动脉修复技能的显着提高。模型的真实性总体上令人满意，但动脉壁撕裂的力学测试仍然存在缺陷，需要进一步改进。很少有研究调查腹腔镜模拟训练治疗突发性肝动脉出血。该模拟模型区分了具有不同经验水平的外科医生，并允许经验较少的外科医生通过模型培训来提高他们的腹腔镜肝动脉修复技能。