The widespread dissemination of misinformation has become a global concern. A recommended solution is to improve people’s ability to discern true from false information through appropriate media literacy education programs. This meta-analysis quantitatively synthesized the results of 49 experimental studies ( N = 81,155) that examined the efficacy of media literacy interventions in mitigating misinformation. This study finds that media literacy interventions generally improve resilience to misinformation ( d = 0.60). Specifically, the interventions reduce belief in misinformation ( d = 0.27), improve misinformation discernment ( d = 0.76), and decrease misinformation sharing ( d = 1.04). Moreover, media literacy interventions have stronger effects (1) when multiple sessions rather than a single session are implemented, (2) in high (vs. low) uncertainty avoidance cultures, and (3) among college students than among adults recruited from online crowdsourcing platforms (e.g., Amazon Mechanical Turk). These findings enrich our understanding of inoculation theory and provide valuable guidance for the design of future media literacy intervention programs.

中文翻译：

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媒体素养干预提高对错误信息的适应能力：对整体效果和调节因素的元分析调查


错误信息的广泛传播已成为全球关注的问题。一个推荐的解决方案是通过适当的媒体素养教育计划来提高人们辨别真假信息的能力。本荟萃分析定量综合了 49 项实验研究 （N = 81,155） 的结果，这些研究检查了媒体素养干预在减少错误信息方面的有效性。本研究发现，媒体素养干预通常会提高对错误信息的适应能力 （ d = 0.60）。具体来说，干预措施减少了对错误信息的信念 （ d = 0.27），提高了对错误信息的辨别 （ d = 0.76），并减少了错误信息共享 （ d = 1.04）。此外，媒体素养干预具有更强的效果 （1） 当实施多个会议而不是单个会议时，（2） 在高（相对于低）不确定性回避文化中，以及 （3） 在大学生中比在从在线众包平台（例如 Amazon Mechanical Turk）招募的成年人中。这些发现丰富了我们对接种理论的理解，并为未来媒体素养干预计划的设计提供了有价值的指导。