Obesity and hormonal dysregulation, common comorbidities of asthma, not only influence asthma risk and onset but can also complicate its management. The pathobiological characteristics of obesity, such as insulin resistance and metabolism alterations, can impact lung function and airway inflammation while highlighting potential opportunities for therapeutic intervention. Likewise, obesity alters immune cell phenotypes and corticosteroid pharmacokinetics. Hormones such as sex hormones, incretins, and thyroid hormones can also affect asthma. This review highlights the mechanisms underlying obesity-related asthma and hormonal pathologies while exploring potential therapeutic strategies and the need for more research and innovative approaches in managing these comorbid conditions.

中文翻译：

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肥胖和荷尔蒙对哮喘的影响：机制、管理挑战和新兴的治疗策略。


肥胖和荷尔蒙失调是哮喘的常见合并症，不仅影响哮喘的风险和发作，还会使其管理复杂化。肥胖的病理生物学特征，例如胰岛素抵抗和新陈代谢改变，会影响肺功能和气道炎症，同时突出了治疗干预的潜在机会。同样，肥胖会改变免疫细胞表型和皮质类固醇药代动力学。性激素、肠促胰岛素和甲状腺激素等激素也会影响哮喘。本综述强调了肥胖相关哮喘和荷尔蒙病理的潜在机制，同时探讨了潜在的治疗策略以及管理这些合并症需要更多的研究和创新方法。