Biographene was prepared through the pyrolysis of Acacia nilotica waste using diverse temperatures and time spans. The obtained materials were characterized using scanning electron microscope (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), energy-dispersive X-ray spectrometry (EDX), X-ray diffraction analysis (XRD), and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) methods. The data obtained indicated that when the temperature and time increased, the texture of the biographene became more porous with greater carbon content. The effect of various variables on Cd(II) adsorption, using the optimized biographene product, was investigated, and the results revealed that the optimum pH was 4 and the maximum adsorption capacity was 118.9 mg/g. The Langmuir isotherm model and pseudo-second-order kinetic model best fit the equilibrium data, indicating the adsorptive behavior of the as-prepared biographene implying a homogenous monolayer surface. The recyclability investigation elucidates the remarkable potentiality of up to five consecutive cycles. As such, the biographene-based Acacia nilotica could be considered a sustainable candidate for cadmium removal from polluted water.

Biographene 是通过使用不同的温度和时间跨度对 Acacia nilotica 废物进行热解制备的。采用扫描电子显微镜 （SEM）、透射电子显微镜 （TEM）、能量色散 X 射线光谱 （EDX）、X 射线衍射分析 （XRD） 和傅里叶变换红外光谱 （FTIR） 方法对所得材料进行表征。获得的数据表明，当温度和时间增加时，生物烯的质地变得更加多孔，碳含量更高。使用优化的生物烯产品研究了各种变量对 Cd（II） 吸附的影响，结果表明，最适 pH 值为 4，最大吸附容量为 118.9 mg/g。Langmuir 等温线模型和准二级动力学模型最符合平衡数据，表明所制备的生物烯的吸附行为意味着均匀的单层表面。可回收性调查阐明了多达五个连续循环的非凡潜力。因此，基于生物烯的 Acacia nilotica 可以被认为是从污染水中去除镉的可持续候选者。