Runoff from glaciated catchments is an integrated process that includes glacier melt, snowmelt, rainfall and surface and subsurface runoff of meltwater from glacierized and non-glacierized areas. Monitoring and quantifying the contribution of the hydrologic components (snow, ice and rain) to river discharge in the Himalayan basins is essential for decision-making in the water sector, particularly in water resources management and flood risk reduction in the region. An attempt has been made to characterize and hydrologically model streamflow (Bhagirathi River) for the Gangotri Glacier (Central Himalaya, India). A semi-distributed conceptual hydrological model is used for the streamflow modelling and assessing the major streamflow components (snow melt, glacier melt and rainfall runoff). Initially, the model was calibrated using the available in situ hydro-meteorological records for the ablation seasons of 2013–14 to 2015–16 (3 years), and further validated for the ablation seasons of 2016–17 to 2018–19 (3 years). The model performed well for all the studied years except for some months, where abrupt changes in the contrasting weather parameters (precipitation and temperature) were recorded. In the Gangotri Glacier Valley (upper Bhagirathi River catchment), snowmelt contributed the largest portion (55.5%) to total streamflow followed by glacier melt (29.7%) and rainfall runoff components (14.7%).

冰川集水区的径流是一个综合过程，包括冰川融化、融雪、降雨以及冰川化和非冰川化地区融水的地表和地下径流。监测和量化水文成分（雪、冰和雨）对喜马拉雅流域河流流量的贡献对于水部门的决策至关重要，尤其是在该地区的水资源管理和减少洪水风险方面。已经尝试对甘戈特里冰川（印度喜马拉雅中部）的溪流（巴吉拉蒂河）进行表征和水文建模。半分布式概念水文模型用于溪流建模和评估主要径流组成部分（融雪、冰川融化和降雨径流）。最初，该模型是使用 2013-14 年至 2015-16 年（3 年）的消融季节的可用原位水文气象记录进行校准的，并进一步验证了 2016-17 年至 2018-19 年（3 年）的消融季节。该模型在所有研究年份中都表现良好，除了一些月份，其中记录了对比天气参数（降水和温度）的突然变化。在 Gangotri 冰川谷（Bhagirathi 河上游集水区），融雪对总流量的贡献最大 （55.5%），其次是冰川融化 （29.7%） 和降雨径流成分 （14.7%）。