BACKGROUNDCross‐resistance between pre‐emergence herbicides is developing in Australian populations of annual ryegrass (Lolium rigidum Gaud.). A previous study has reported that selection with prosulfocarb (a pro‐herbicide requiring bioactivation to its phytotoxic sulfoxide) can decrease metabolic resistance to trifluralin. Metabolism of prosulfocarb and trifluralin was investigated in L. rigidum populations with different levels of resistance to prosulfocarb, trifluralin and also pyroxasulfone, which is detoxified by glutathione (GSH) conjugation.RESULTSColeoptiles and radicles of herbicide‐treated seedlings responded differently to the same herbicide. Radicles had a lower capacity for bioactivation of prosulfocarb, and this was correlated with a lower ability to metabolise trifluralin within and among populations. Coleoptile resistance to prosulfocarb sulfoxide was negatively correlated with abundance of a major polar metabolite. There was no evidence of GSH conjugation with the sulfoxide, making any potential links between prosulfocarb and pyroxasulfone resistance less obvious.CONCLUSIONSActivation and metabolism of prosulfocarb in L. rigidum is complex and differentially regulated in different tissues. Selection with prosulfocarb may ameliorate trifluralin metabolism in the radicles, but the relationship between prosulfocarb and pyroxasulfone resistance is not GSH‐mediated. When applying pre‐emergence herbicides, care should be taken with the composition of mixtures and rotations to avoid selection of cross‐resistance between pyroxasulfone and prosulfocarb. © 2024 The Author(s). Pest Management Science published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of Society of Chemical Industry.

中文翻译：

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一年生黑麦草（黑麦草）中丙硫威和氟乐灵代谢之间的相互作用


背景 澳大利亚一年生黑麦草 (Lolium strictum Gaud.) 群体中正在形成芽前除草剂之间的交叉抗性。先前的一项研究报道，选择丙磺威（一种需要对其植物毒性亚砜进行生物活化的除草剂前体）可以降低对氟乐灵的代谢抗性。研究了对丙磺威、氟乐灵和派罗克磺隆（通过谷胱甘肽 (GSH) 结合解毒）具有不同水平抗性的刚性乳杆菌群体中丙磺威和氟乐灵的代谢。结果 除草剂处理的幼苗的胚芽鞘和胚根对同一除草剂的反应不同。胚根对丙磺威的生物活化能力较低，这与群体内和群体间代谢氟乐灵的能力较低有关。胚芽鞘对丙磺威亚砜的抗性与主要极性代谢物的丰度呈负相关。没有证据表明谷胱甘肽与亚砜结合，使得丙硫威和派罗克磺隆抗性之间的任何潜在联系不太明显。结论 丙硫威在刚性乳杆菌中的激活和代谢是复杂的，并且在不同组织中受到不同的调节。丙磺威的选择可能会改善根中的氟乐灵代谢，但丙磺威和派罗克磺隆耐药性之间的关系不是 GSH 介导的。使用芽前除草剂时，应注意混合物的组成和轮用，以避免派罗杀草磺隆和丙磺威之间的交叉抗性选择。 © 2024 作者。 《害虫管理科学》由 John Wiley & Sons Ltd 代表化学工业协会出版。