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Observing the SO2 and Sulfate Aerosol Plumes From the 2022 Hunga Eruption With the Infrared Atmospheric Sounding Interferometer (IASI)
Geophysical Research Letters ( IF 4.6 ) Pub Date : 2024-10-03 , DOI: 10.1029/2023gl105565
Pasquale Sellitto, Richard Siddans, Redha Belhadji, Elisa Carboni, Bernard Legras, Aurélien Podglajen, Clair Duchamp, Brian Kerridge

The Hunga volcano violently erupted on 15 January 2022, producing the largest perturbation of the stratospheric aerosol layer since Pinatubo 1991, despite the initially estimated modest injection of SO2. This study presents novel SO2 and sulfate aerosol (SA) co-retrievals from the Infrared Atmospheric Sounding Interferometer, and uses them to quantify the initial progression of the Hunga plume. These observations are consistent with rapid conversion of SO2 (e-folding time: 17.1 ± 4.3 days) to SA, with an injected burden of >1.0 Tg SO2. This points at larger SO2 injections than previously thought. A long-lasting SA plume was observed, with two separate build-up phases, and with a meridional dispersion of marked anomalies from the tropics to the higher southern hemispheric latitudes. A limited (∼20%) SA removal was observed after 1-year dispersion. The total injected SA mass burden was estimated at 1.6 ± 0.5 Tg in the total atmospheric column, with a build-up e-folding time of about 2 months.

中文翻译:


使用红外大气探测干涉仪 (IASI) 观测 2022 年 Hunga 火山喷发的 SO2 和硫酸盐气溶胶羽流



洪加火山于 2022 年 1 月 15 日猛烈喷发,尽管最初估计注入了适度的 SO2,但对平流层气溶胶层产生了自 1991 年以来最大的扰动。本研究提出了红外大气探测干涉仪的新型 SO2 和硫酸盐气溶胶 (SA) 共检索,并使用它们来量化 Hunga 羽流的初始进展。这些观察结果与 SO2 (e 折叠时间:17.1 ± 4.3 天)快速转化为 SA 一致,注射负荷为 >1.0 Tg SO2。这表明 SO2 注射量比以前认为的要大。观察到一个持久的 SA 羽流,有两个独立的积累阶段,并且从热带到南半球较高的纬度地区,显著的异常呈经向分散。分散 1 年后观察到有限 (∼20%) 的 SA 去除。总进样 SA 质量负荷估计为总大气压柱中的 1.6 ± 0.5 Tg,积累 e 折叠时间约为 2 个月。
更新日期:2024-10-03
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