Generation and manipulation of randomness is a relevant task for several applications of information technology. It has been shown that quantum mechanics offers some advantages for this type of task. A promising model for randomness manipulation is provided by Bernoulli factories—protocols capable of changing the bias of Bernoulli random processes in a controlled way. At first, this framework was proposed and investigated in a fully classical regime. Recent extensions of this model to the quantum case showed the possibility of implementing a wider class of randomness manipulation functions. We propose a Bernoulli factory scheme with quantum states as the input and output, using a photonic-path-encoding approach. Our scheme is modular and universal and its functioning is truly oblivious of the input bias—characteristics that were missing in earlier work. We report on experimental implementations using an integrated and fully programmable photonic platform, thereby demonstrating the viability of our approach. These results open new paths for randomness manipulation with integrated quantum technologies.

随机性的生成和操作是信息技术的几个应用的相关任务。事实证明，量子力学为此类任务提供了一些优势。伯努利工厂提供了一个很有前途的随机性操纵模型——能够以受控方式改变伯努利随机过程偏差的协议。起初，这个框架是在完全经典的制度中提出和研究的。最近将该模型扩展到量子情况表明了实现更广泛类别的随机性操作函数的可能性。我们提出了一种伯努利工厂方案，以量子态作为输入和输出，使用光子路径编码方法。我们的方案是模块化和通用的，它的功能真正忘记了输入偏差——这些特征在早期的工作中是缺失的。我们报告了使用集成且完全可编程的光子平台的实验实施，从而证明了我们方法的可行性。这些结果为使用集成量子技术进行随机性操纵开辟了新的途径。