Invasive non‐native species are one of the main causes of degradation of ecosystems worldwide. The control of invasive species is key to reducing threats to ecosystem viability in the long term. Observations of structural changes in ecological interaction networks following invasive species suppression can be useful to monitor the success of ecological restoration initiatives. We evaluated the structure of plant–bird frugivory interaction networks in a plant community invaded by the guava tree (Psidium guajava L.) by comparing network metrics before and after control actions. Psidium guajava was relevant in all metrics for the unmanaged network in this study, with high degree centrality and high nestedness contribution. Based on the asymmetry of species interactions, we found that birds were highly dependent on the invasive plant before suppression. Once P. guajava trees were eliminated, bird and plant species richness, total number of interactions, and modularity increased, whereas nestedness and interaction strength asymmetry decreased. The diet of the bird community became more diversified once P. guajava was no longer available and relevant species roles in community structure emerged. Our results corroborate the fact that ecological restoration interventions should include the control of non‐native plant species that attract frugivorous animals in order to diversify plant–frugivore interactions and thus maintain biodiversity in natural ecosystems.

中文翻译：

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控制入侵树木对植物-食果动物网络结构的影响


入侵性非本地物种是全球生态系统退化的主要原因之一。控制入侵物种是减少对生态系统生存能力的长期威胁的关键。对入侵物种抑制后生态相互作用网络结构变化的观察可能有助于监测生态恢复计划的成功。我们通过比较控制行动前后的网络指标，评估了番石榴树 （Psidium guajava L.） 入侵的植物群落中植物-鸟类食果象牙相互作用网络的结构。Psidium guajava 与本研究中非托管网络的所有指标相关，具有高度中心性和高嵌套性贡献。基于物种相互作用的不对称性，我们发现鸟类在抑制之前高度依赖入侵植物。一旦 P. guajava 树被消除，鸟类和植物物种的丰富度、相互作用总数和模块化度就会增加，而嵌套度和相互作用强度不对称性会降低。一旦 P. guajava 不再可用并且相关物种在群落结构中的作用出现，鸟类群落的饮食变得更加多样化。我们的结果证实了这样一个事实，即生态恢复干预措施应包括控制吸引食果动物的非本地植物物种，以实现植物与食果动物相互作用的多样化，从而维护自然生态系统中的生物多样性。