MXenes, among other two-dimensional (2D) materials such as graphene, hexagonal BN, transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDs), 2D metal–organic frameworks (MOFs), and covalent organic frameworks (COFs), are the fastest growing class discovered thus far. The general formula of MXenes is M_n+1X_nT_x, where M, X, and T_x represent an early transition metal (Ti, V, Nb, Mo, etc.), C and/or N, and the surface functional groups (typically, O, OH, F, Cl), respectively, and n can be between 1 and 4. MXenes as a class of materials have extraordinary properties, such as high electrical conductivity, nonlinear optical properties, solution processability, scalability and ease of synthesis, redox capability, and tunable surface properties, among others; the specific properties, however, depend on their chemistry. Since the initial report of the first MXene in 2011, the research community has primarily focused on Ti₃C₂T_x, and the amount of research work to investigate its synthesis and properties has increased exponentially over the years. In materials science, alloying is a useful way of synthesizing new materials to improve the properties of a class of materials. Advancement of steel and synthesis of inorganic semiconductors can be regarded as some of the major historical advancements in the concept of alloying. Thus, just one year after the initial report of MXenes, the first solid-solution MXene, (TiNb)₂CT_x, was reported, which demonstrates the inherent chemical tunability of this class of materials.

中文翻译：

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固溶体 MXenes：合成、性质和应用


MXenes 以及其他二维 （2D） 材料，如石墨烯、六方 BN、过渡金属二硫化物 （TMD）、二维金属有机框架 （MOF） 和共价有机框架 （COF），是迄今为止发现的增长最快的类别。MXenes 的一般分子式为 M_n+1X_nT_x，其中 M、X 和 T_x 代表早期过渡金属（Ti、V、Nb、Mo 等）、C 和/或 N，表面官能团（通常为 O、OH、F、Cl）分别和 N 可以在 1 到 4 之间。MXenes 作为一类材料具有非凡的性能，例如高导电性、非线性光学特性、溶液加工性、可扩展性和易于合成、氧化还原能力和可调表面特性等;然而，具体特性取决于它们的化学性质。自 2011 年第一个 MXene 的首次报告以来，研究界主要关注 Ti₃C₂T_x，多年来研究其合成和性质的研究工作量呈指数级增长。在材料科学中，合金化是合成新材料以改善一类材料性能的有用方法。钢的进步和无机半导体的合成可以被视为合金化概念的一些重大历史进步。因此，在 MXenes 首次报道仅一年后，第一个固溶体 MXene （TiNb）₂CT_x 被报道，证明了这类材料固有的化学可调性。