Polyols are versatile molecules present in many polymer materials that are used and often essential in daily life. However, most bio-based polyols are derived from sugar or vegetable oil, and thus, their production directly competes with the food industry. In this case, CNSL is a promising non-edible renewable resource, which is directly extracted from the shell of cashew nuts. The interesting chemical structure of CNSL and its derivatives (cardanol and cardol) has led to the synthesis of original polyols with hydrophobic and internal plasticizing properties. Useful for the development of additives such as surfactants and soft polymers, CNSL polyols are progressively occupying a unique position in the polymer industry. This review focuses on the use of CNSL as a building block for various polyols. Many different chemical pathways leading to CNSL-based polyols are reviewed and evaluated. Furthermore, we focus on the use of these CNSL-based polyols as surfactants and polymer precursors and the contribution of their specific chemical structure (aromatic ring and long unsaturated alkyl chain) to the properties of the resulting polyesters or polyurethanes.

中文翻译：

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腰果壳液 （CNSL） 中的多元醇：尖端生物基添加剂和聚合物的基石构建单元


多元醇是存在于许多聚合物材料中的多功能分子，这些聚合物材料在日常生活中通常是必不可少的。然而，大多数生物基多元醇来自糖或植物油，因此，它们的生产直接与食品工业竞争。在这种情况下，腰果壳油是一种很有前途的非食用可再生资源，它是直接从腰果壳中提取的。腰果油及其衍生物（腰果酚和卡得醇）有趣的化学结构导致了具有疏水和内部增塑特性的原始多元醇的合成。腰果壳油多元醇可用于开发表面活性剂和软聚合物等添加剂，在聚合物行业中逐渐占据独特的地位。本文重点介绍了 CNSL 作为各种多元醇的构建单元的使用。综述和评估了导致基于 CNSL 的多元醇的许多不同的化学途径。此外，我们重点介绍了这些腰果壳油基多元醇作为表面活性剂和聚合物前体的使用，以及它们的特定化学结构（芳香环和长不饱和烷基链）对所得聚酯或聚氨酯性能的贡献。