Metal mesh, with its inherent conductivity, transparency, and flexibility, has proven to be an exceptional choice for high-performance reflection-dominated electromagnetic interference (EMI) shielding materials, due to its multifunctionality and wide applicability. However, the development of metal-based absorption-enhanced EMI shielding materials characterized by high absorption and low reflection is crucial but remains challenging. Herein, we introduce a novel surface modification strategy for nickel mesh (NM) aimed at augmenting its surface electromagnetic wave absorption through electrochemical surface microstructure alteration and subsequent wet chemical sulphuration. This approach leverages the multiple reflections within the microporous structure and the impedance matching enhancement provided by the magnetic sulfided nickel layer, resulting in the sulphur-treated porous NM (Ni₃S₂-PNM) achieving an outstanding average EMI SE of 59.6 dB across a broad frequency range of 4 to 40 GHz. The surface electromagnetic wave absorption rate of Ni₃S₂-PNM has increased from under 1% for unmodified NM to over 60%, significantly reducing the re-reflection of electromagnetic waves back into free space (the average SE_R value decreases from about 20 dB to 2.2 dB). Characterized by its simplicity and cost-effectiveness, this in-situ surface modification method on bulk industrial-grade NM, enhancing electromagnetic shielding, presents a promising avenue for wider application in electromagnetic protection.

中文翻译：

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镍网的原位表面改性，实现卓越的电磁干扰屏蔽


金属网具有固有的导电性、透明度和柔韧性，由于其多功能性和广泛的适用性，已被证明是高性能反射主导的电磁干扰 （EMI） 屏蔽材料的绝佳选择。然而，开发具有高吸收和低反射特性的金属基吸收增强 EMI 屏蔽材料至关重要，但仍然具有挑战性。在此，我们介绍了一种新的镍网格 （NM） 表面改性策略，旨在通过电化学表面微观结构改变和随后的湿化学硫化来增强其表面电磁波吸收。这种方法利用微孔结构内的多重反射和磁性硫化镍层提供的阻抗匹配增强，使硫处理的多孔 NM （Ni₃S 2-PNM） 在 4 至 40 GHz 的宽频率范围内实现 59.6 dB 的出色平均 EMI SE。Ni₃S 2-PNM 的表面电磁波吸收率从未改性 NM 的 1% 以下提高到 60% 以上，显着减少了电磁波返回自由空间的再反射（平均 SE_R 值从约 20 dB 降低到 2.2 dB）。这种在体工业级纳米上进行原位表面改性，增强电磁屏蔽，以其简单性和成本效益为特点，为在电磁保护领域的更广泛应用提供了一条有前途的途径。