The global, human-mediated dispersal of invasive insects is a major driver of ecosystem change, biodiversity loss, crop damage and other effects. Trade flows and invasive species propagule pressure are correlated, and their relationship is essential for predicting and managing future invasions. Invaders do not disperse exclusively from the species' native range. Instead, the bridgehead effect, where established, non-native populations act as secondary sources of propagule, is recognised as a major driver of global invasion. The resulting pattern of global spread arises from a mixture of global interactions between invasive species, their vectors and, their invaded ranges, which has yet to be fully characterised.

中文翻译：

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边境拦截揭示了全球昆虫传播中桥头堡的可变用途


人类介导的全球入侵昆虫传播是生态系统变化、生物多样性丧失、农作物破坏和其他影响的主要驱动因素。贸易流量和入侵物种繁殖压力是相关的，它们之间的关系对于预测和管理未来的入侵至关重要。入侵者并不完全从该物种的原生地分散开来。相反，桥头堡效应，即已建立的非本地种群作为繁殖的次要来源，被认为是全球入侵的主要驱动力。由此产生的全球传播模式源于入侵物种、其媒介和入侵范围之间的全球相互作用的混合，这尚未得到充分表征。