A high-performance Nb₂O₅-based catalyst for the cycloaddition of CO₂ with SO is designed by properly unifying the concepts of compositional regulation and architectural engineering. The Co₃O₄/Nb₂O₅ composite catalyst shows an intriguing prickly spherelike morphology. It exhibits a high styrene carbonate (SC) yield of 94.3% within 4 h (0.0824 mol g^–1 h^–1) under mild reaction conditions (0.4 MPa of CO₂ and a reaction temperature of 90 °C) assisted by tetrabutylammonium bromide (TBAB). The coupling of Co₃O₄, which chemically interacts with Nb₂O₅, can effectively modulate the electronic structures of Nb₂O₅, constructing abundant acid/base sites for effectively activating the reactants and boosting the intrinsic activity. The high activity, cost-effectiveness, and good recyclability make the tailor-made Co₃O₄/Nb₂O₅ prickly spheres more appealing for commercial applications. This work offers new insights into designing and constructing well-integrated metal oxide composites for the cycloaddition of CO₂ with an epoxide.

中文翻译：

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多刺球状结构的 Co3O4/Nb2O5 复合催化剂的构建，用于与苯乙烯氧化物进行 CO2 环加成反应


通过适当统一成分调控和建筑工程的概念，设计了一种用于 CO₂ 与 SO 环加成反应的高性能 Nb₂O₅ 基催化剂。Co₃O₄/Nb₂O₅ 复合催化剂显示出有趣的多刺球状形态。在四丁基溴化铵 （TBAB） 的辅助下，它在温和的反应条件下（0.4_MPa 的 CO 2 和 90 °C）在 4 h （0.0824 mol g^–1 h^–1） 内表现出 94.3% 的高碳酸苯乙烯 （SC） 产率。Co₃O₄ 与 Nb₂O₅ 发生化学相互作用，可以有效调节 Nb₂O₅ 的电子结构，构建丰富的酸/碱位点，有效激活反应物并提高内在活性。高活性、成本效益和良好的可回收性使定制的 Co₃O₄/Nb₂O₅ 带刺球体在商业应用中更具吸引力。这项工作为设计和构建用于 CO₂ 与环氧化物的环加成反应的良好集成金属氧化物复合材料提供了新的见解。