Improving the accuracy of nearshore bathymetric measurements is essential for understanding coastal environments, resource management, and navigation. The Ice, Cloud, and Land Elevation Satellite-2 (ICESat-2) is the first laser satellite that uses the photon-counting technique. The ICESat-2 is equipped with the Advanced Topographic Laser Altimeter System (ATLAS), which enables higher-accuracy measurements of water, ice, and land elevation on Earth. Two-media photogrammetric bathymetry is a type of nearshore bathymetric technology that uses the geometrical characteristics of light rays. With this technique, the accuracy and reliability mainly depend on eliminating systematic errors and ensuring accurate spatial photogrammetric positioning relative to the object being measured. To improve the bathymetric accuracy of two-media photogrammetry, we integrated high-accuracy elevation data from photon datasets as constraining and control parameters. The improved method effectively eliminated systematic errors in two-media photogrammetry during the established joint-block adjustment model. To improve its accuracy and reliability, we employed multispectral WorldView-2 stereo images in our experiments. Furthermore, the bathymetric results were validated and assessed using in situ and photon data. The experimental results show that the highest accuracy achieved with the bathymetric measurements in our study area was a root mean square error (RMSE) of 0.96 m and a mean absolute error of 0.57 m. Using the proposed fusion method, the bathymetric accuracy (as measured using the RMSE) was 1 m higher than that of two-media photogrammetry without the photon datasets.

中文翻译：

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融合ICESAT-2数据集和双媒体摄影测量模型的高精度测深方法


提高近岸测深测量的准确性对于了解沿海环境、资源管理和导航至关重要。冰、云和陆地高程卫星 2 号 (ICESat-2) 是第一颗使用光子计数技术的激光卫星。 ICESat-2 配备了先进地形激光高度计系统 (ATLAS)，可以更准确地测量地球上的水、冰和陆地海拔。双介质摄影测深是一种利用光线几何特性的近岸测深技术。该技术的精度和可靠性主要取决于消除系统误差并确保相对于被测物体准确的空间摄影测量定位。为了提高双介质摄影测量的测深精度，我们集成了光子数据集中的高精度高程数据作为约束和控制参数。改进方法有效消除了建立联合块平差模型过程中双介质摄影测量的系统误差。为了提高其准确性和可靠性，我们在实验中采用了多光谱 WorldView-2 立体图像。此外，利用原位和光子数据对测深结果进行了验证和评估。实验结果表明，研究区域测深测量的最高精度为均方根误差（RMSE）为0.96 m，平均绝对误差为0.57 m。使用所提出的融合方法，测深精度（使用 RMSE 测量）比没有光子数据集的双介质摄影测量高 1 m。