Conventional infrastructure asset management practices have heavily relied on static data collection and suffered from decision lags. Though advanced Structural Health Monitoring (SHM) systems were extensively explored based on multi-functional sensor deployment, asset model updating has not been achieved to facilitate timely and effective decision-making of infrastructure managers due to a lack of system integration. To address this challenge, this study develops the Immersive Bridge Digital Twin Platform (IBDTP) to allow infrastructure managers to automate the SHM processes of bridges and engage them in immersive decision-making processes based on Scan-to-BIM and Augmented Reality (AR) technologies. A novel 3D game engine is proposed as part of IBDTP and was tested using a single-span concrete arch bridge located in Poland. Results show that the measurement data collected and presented in IBDTP improves the infrastructure managers' accessibility to major damage data of the bridge to plan for future interventions. The functions of the IBDTP can be potentially scaled for different types of bridges and critical infrastructure, substantially improving the traditional SHM in terms of data management and 3D structural visualization.

中文翻译：

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开发沉浸式桥梁数字孪生平台，以促进桥梁损坏评估和资产模型更新


传统的基础设施资产管理实践严重依赖静态数据收集，并且存在决策滞后。尽管基于多功能传感器部署的先进结构健康监测 （SHM） 系统得到了广泛探索，但由于缺乏系统集成，尚未实现资产模型更新，无法促进基础设施管理人员及时有效地做出决策。为了应对这一挑战，本研究开发了沉浸式桥梁数字孪生平台 （IBDTP），使基础设施管理人员能够自动化桥梁的 SHM 流程，并让他们参与基于 点云扫描 （scan-to-BIM） 和增强现实 （AR） 技术的沉浸式决策过程。作为 IBDTP 的一部分，提出了一种新颖的 3D 游戏引擎，并使用位于波兰的单跨混凝土拱桥进行了测试。结果表明，在 IBDTP 中收集和呈现的测量数据提高了基础设施管理人员对桥梁主要损坏数据的可访问性，以规划未来的干预措施。IBDTP 的功能可以针对不同类型的桥梁和关键基础设施进行扩展，从而在数据管理和 3D 结构可视化方面大大改善了传统的 SHM。