Flash droughts/floods are extreme weather phenomena that are expected to become increasingly frequent and severe with the changing climate. Flash droughts result from a rapid decline in soil moisture, while flash floods occur due to a high extreme rainfall intensity over a short duration. This study analyzes the ERA5 reanalysis data (hourly temperature, soil moisture, and precipitation) from 1992 to 2022 to assess flash drought/flood attribute variations across fourteen Indian cities. Flash drought events are identified based on specific conditions using the obtained Soil Moisture Index (SMI) values. At the same time, we propose a novel approach to attribute flash floods by setting thresholds for precipitation and soil moisture.

中文翻译：

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印度城市突发干旱和突发洪水的十年趋势和气候影响


突发干旱/洪水是极端天气现象，随着气候变化，预计会变得越来越频繁和严重。土壤湿度迅速下降会导致突发干旱，而短期内极端降雨强度会导致山洪爆发。本研究分析了 1992 年至 2022 年的 ERA5 再分析数据（每小时温度、土壤湿度和降水），以评估印度 14 个城市的突发干旱/洪水属性变化。使用获得的土壤湿度指数（SMI）值根据特定条件识别突发干旱事件。同时，我们提出了一种通过设置降水和土壤湿度阈值来归因山洪的新方法。