The goal of this narrative review paper is to consider forms of neurocognitive dysfunction that increase risk for reactive and instrumental aggression. Neuro-cognitive functions that appear to mediate, inhibit or moderate reactive and instrumental aggression are identified and data on the association between perturbations of these neuro-cognitive functions and aggression risk are considered. The neuro-cognitive functions considered are: the acute threat response, emotion regulation, reinforcement-based decision-making, response control, empathy (responsiveness to distress cues) and affiliation. Their functional roles, putative neural substrates and data indicating dysfunction in aggressive populations will be considered. Moreover, brief considerations will be given regarding the impact of early life stress (abuse and neglect) may have on their development. Finally, the current situation with respect to the potential utility of neuro-cognitive indices and how such neuro-cognitive systems might be assessed is considered.

中文翻译：

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神经认知系统在功能失调时会增加攻击风险以及转化为临床工具的潜力


这篇叙述性评论论文的目的是考虑神经认知功能障碍的形式，这些功能障碍会增加反应性攻击和工具性攻击的风险。识别出似乎介导、抑制或调节反应性和工具性攻击的神经认知功能，并考虑这些神经认知功能的扰动与攻击风险之间的关联数据。考虑的神经认知功能包括：急性威胁反应、情绪调节、基于强化的决策、反应控制、同理心（对遇险线索的反应）和归属感。将考虑它们的功能作用、假定的神经基质和表明攻击性人群功能障碍的数据。此外，还将简要考虑早期生活压力（虐待和忽视）可能对其发展的影响。最后，考虑了神经认知指数的潜在效用以及如何评估此类神经认知系统的现状。