Decades of research have uncovered several molecules and cell types (i.e., biomolecules) associated with aggression, violence, and hostility (AVH). In this systematic review, we aimed to identify which of these biomolecules have been predominantly studied in relation to AVH in human adults, and to obtain a general sense of the direction of the effects reported for each identified biomolecule. Eighty-one studies (out of 2914 initial abstracts) were included in the review, totaling 198 effects and 29,565 participants. Hormones, particularly testosterone and cortisol, were by far the most studied biomolecules (57.58 %), followed by cytokines (14.14 %), proteins (9.09 %), and neurotransmitters (4.55 %). Out of all extracted statistical effects, 15.1 % reported a negative association, 45.5 % reported no association, and 39.4 % reported a positive association between AVH and the biomolecules, although this pattern varied substantially for individual biomolecules. We also identified some research on biomolecules pertaining to the immune system, which could turn out to play crucial roles in advancing our understanding of AVH. These quantitative insights into the current state of biochemical research on AVH in human adults provide a basis for shaping a broader and more integrative research agenda for studying AVH.

中文翻译：

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不寻常的嫌疑人：系统地寻找人类攻击性的分子和细胞相关性


数十年的研究发现了几种与攻击、暴力和敌意 (AVH) 相关的分子和细胞类型（即生物分子）。在本次系统综述中，我们的目的是确定这些生物分子中哪些已被主要研究与成人 AVH 相关，并获得对每个已识别生物分子报告的影响方向的一般认识。该评价纳入了 81 项研究（来自 2914 项初始摘要），总计 198 项效果和 29,565 名参与者。激素，特别是睾酮和皮质醇，是迄今为止研究最多的生物分子（57.58 %），其次是细胞因子（14.14 %）、蛋白质（9.09 %）和神经递质（4.55 %）。在所有提取的统计效应中，15.1% 报告称 AVH 与生物分子之间存在负相关，45.5% 报告称无相关，39.4% 报告称 AVH 与生物分子之间存在正相关，尽管这种模式对于各个生物分子有很大差异。我们还发现了一些与免疫系统相关的生物分子的研究，这些研究可能在增进我们对 AVH 的理解方面发挥关键作用。这些对成人 AVH 生化研究现状的定量见解为制定更广泛、更综合的 AVH 研究议程奠定了基础。