HIV self-testing, which has been increasingly available since 2016, can substantially enhance the uptake of HIV testing, especially for key populations. Clinical trials have explored the application of self-testing in various HIV prevention strategies, including post-exposure prophylaxis (PEP), pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP), and voluntary medical male circumcision. Research indicates that self-testing can facilitate PrEP initiation and improve adherence and continuation. However, evidence on the effectiveness of linkage to PrEP post HIV self-testing is mixed, underscoring the need to further understand contextual factors and optimal implementation strategies. Studies on linking voluntary medical male circumcision post HIV self-testing show no statistically significant difference compared with standard voluntary medical male circumcision demand creation strategies. There is a shortage of trials examining the role of self-testing in PrEP reinitiation, PEP initiation, or PEP follow-up. Evidence for the use of HIV prevention models that support self-testing is accumulating, but there is a need for further research in different contexts and among different populations to assess its value when scaled up to contribute to reducing HIV infections globally.

中文翻译：

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HIV 自我检测在加强 HIV 预防服务中的作用


自 2016 年以来，HIV 自我检测越来越广泛，可以显著提高 HIV 检测的接受率，尤其是对于重点人群。临床试验探讨了自我检测在各种 HIV 预防策略中的应用，包括暴露后预防 （PEP）、暴露前预防 （PrEP） 和自愿医学男性包皮环切术。研究表明，自我检测可以促进 PrEP 的启动并提高依从性和持续性。然而，关于 HIV 自我检测后与 PrEP 联系的有效性的证据喜忧参半，这凸显了进一步了解背景因素和最佳实施策略的必要性。关于将 HIV 自我检测后自愿医学男性包皮环切术联系起来的研究表明，与标准自愿医学男性包皮环切需求创造策略相比，没有统计学意义差异。缺乏研究自我检测在 PrEP 重启、PEP 启动或 PEP 随访中的作用的试验。使用支持自我检测的 HIV 预防模型的证据正在积累，但需要在不同背景和不同人群中进行进一步研究，以评估其扩大规模以有助于减少全球 HIV 感染的价值。