Objective Physical activity confers physical and psychosocial benefits for cancer patients and decreases morbidity and mortality, but adherence varies. High-intensity interval training (HIIT) is time-efficient and may improve adherence. Our aim was to determine barriers and enablers of adherence to HIIT in patients diagnosed with cancer. Design Systematic review and meta-analysis. Data source PubMed-MEDLINE, Scopus and Web of Science. Eligibility criteria Intervention studies including patients diagnosed with any type of cancer, who engaged in HIIT with or without co-intervention in any stage of treatment and have reported outcomes for adherence. Results Eight hundred articles were screened and 22 were included (n=807); 19 were included in the meta-analysis (n=755). Weighted adherence to HIIT was 88% (95% CI, 81% to 94%). None of the studies reported serious adverse events. Although being a woman and having breast cancer were associated with lower adherence (p<0.05), age was not (p=0.15). Adherence was significantly lower during the treatment phase in comparison with pre- and post-treatment phases, 83% versus 94% and 96%, respectively (p<0.001). Session time of more than 60 min, when unsupervised and combined with other interventions, was associated with decreased adherence (p<0.05). Conclusion Adherence to HIIT programmes among cancer patients varies and is improved when the intervention is supervised, of shorter duration, consists of solely HIIT and not in combination with other exercise and occurs during pre- and post-treatment phases. Strategies to improve adherence to HIIT in specific subpopulations may be needed to ensure all patients with cancer are provided optimal opportunities to reap the benefits associated with physical activity. PROSPERO registration CRD42023430180. All data relevant to the study are included in the article or uploaded as supplementary information.

中文翻译：

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癌症患者坚持高强度间歇训练的障碍和促成因素：系统评价和荟萃分析


客观 身体活动为癌症患者带来身体和社会心理益处，并降低发病率和死亡率，但依从性各不相同。高强度间歇训练 （HIIT） 既省时又省钱，可以提高依从性。我们的目标是确定被诊断患有癌症的患者坚持 HIIT 的障碍和推动因素。设计 系统评价和荟萃分析。数据来源 PubMed-MEDLINE、Scopus 和 Web of Science。资格标准 干预研究包括被诊断患有任何类型癌症的患者，他们在任何治疗阶段进行 HIIT，有或没有共同干预，并报告了依从性结果。结果 筛选了 800 篇文章，纳入 22 篇 （n=807）;19 例纳入荟萃分析 （n=755）。HIIT 的加权依从性为 88% （95% CI，81% 至 94%）。没有一项研究报告了严重的不良事件。尽管女性和患有乳腺癌与较低的依从性相关 （p<0.05），但年龄则不然 （p=0.15）。与治疗前和治疗后阶段相比，治疗阶段的依从性显著降低，分别为 83% 对 94% 和 96% （p<0.001）。会话时间超过 60 分钟，当无人监督并与其他干预联合使用时，与依从性降低相关 （p<0.05）。结论癌症患者对 HIIT 计划的依从性各不相同，当干预受到监督时，持续时间较短，仅包括 HIIT，不与其他运动相结合，并且发生在治疗前和治疗后阶段。可能需要提高特定亚群对 HIIT 依从性的策略，以确保为所有癌症患者提供最佳机会来获得与身体活动相关的益处。 PROSPERO 注册CRD42023430180。与研究相关的所有数据都包含在文章中或作为补充信息上传。