Despite the high safety and low cost associated with aqueous Zn-ion batteries (ZIBs), uncontrolled Zn dendrite growth and parasitic reactions induced by water significantly diminish their stability. Herein, a new epoxy functionalized ionic liquid, 4-methyl-4-glycidylmorpholin bis[(trifluoromethyl)sulfonyl]imide (MGM[TFSI]), has been developed to mitigate water reactivity for stable ZIBs. It was found that the MGM+ cation disrupts the hydrogen bond network of water, hindering its adsorption on Zn anodes, thereby suppressing water decomposition and enhancing anode stability. Additionally, preferential adsorption of MGM+ cations on the Zn anode surface mitigates tip effects, suppresses dendrite growth, and promotes the formation of a ZnF2 solid electrolyte interphase layer, effectively isolating the anode from the bulk electrolyte. As a result, benefiting from the well-designed MGM+-based electrolyte, Zn//Zn cells achieve significantly enhanced cycling stability, lasting over 2000 h at 1 mA cm−2 with 1 mAh cm−2. Furthermore, Zn//MnO2 full cells deliver remarkable stability, retaining approximately 89 % of their initial capacity after 3000 cycles at 5 A/g. This work proposes that the MGM[TFSI] additive can effectively regulate the interfacial chemistry of the Zn anode, providing an opportunity to design advanced electrolytes for highly reversible ZIBs and beyond.

中文翻译：

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用于无氢和无枝晶水性锌电池的环氧功能化离子液体电解质添加剂的合理设计


尽管水系锌离子电池 （ZIB） 具有高安全性和低成本，但不受控制的锌枝晶生长和水诱导的寄生反应显着降低了它们的稳定性。在此，开发了一种新的环氧官能化离子液体，4-甲基-4-缩水甘油酯双[（三氟甲基）磺酰基]酰亚胺 （MGM[TFSI]），以减轻稳定 ZIB 的水反应性。研究发现，MGM+ 阳离子破坏了水的氢键网络，阻碍了其对 Zn 阳极的吸附，从而抑制了水的分解并增强了阳极稳定性。此外，MGM+ 阳离子在 Zn 阳极表面的优先吸附减轻了尖端效应，抑制了枝晶生长，并促进了 ZnF2 固体电解质界面层的形成，有效地将阳极与本体电解质隔离。因此，得益于精心设计的基于 MGM+ 的电解质，Zn//Zn 电池实现了显着增强的循环稳定性，在 1 mA cm-2 和 1 mAh cm-2 下持续超过 2000 小时。此外，Zn//MnO2 全电池具有卓越的稳定性，在 5 A/g 下循环 3000 次后仍保留约 89% 的初始容量。这项工作提出 MGM[TFSI] 添加剂可以有效调节 Zn 负极的界面化学，为设计用于高度可逆 ZIB 及其他领域的先进电解质提供了机会。