Reviewed by:

• The Routledge Hispanic Studies Companion to Early Modern Spanish Literature and Culture ed. by Rodrigo Cacho Casal and Caroline Egan
• Richard Rabone

THE GENRE OF THE COMPANION HAS ACQUIRED such prominence in the scholarly landscape that reviews of such works now have something of a rhetoric of their own. A customary proem is offered by refiection on the difficult balancing act in which any companion is engaged, offering both a state-of-the-art survey to subject specialists and an accessible point of entry for a broader audience. The present volume’s editors frame this “twofold” purpose as being “to introduce the intellectual and artistic breadth of early modern Spain and to review the most current critical trends and theoretical discourses concerned with this period” (x); more generally, we might see this as a companion typically accompanying two different kinds of reader. Yet in this case a further strand of meaning is also in play, since the volume is conceived in the way that Antonio de Nebrija’s 1492 vernacular grammar famously conceptualized the Castilian language: as a companion to empire, and specifically a companion that is informed throughout by recent scholarship on what empire entailed—not an “all-too-static” and “homogen[e]ous” monolith (7), but an essentially federalized structure of multiple interlocking centers that left room for local variation and negotiation. That is the view of the early modern world this modern Nebrija aims to parse for its readers, and indeed this emphasis on local specificities and internal complexity remains, in one form or another, one of the volume’s most distinctive features.

The volume’s introduction and thirty-six chapters approach this world from a panoply of different perspectives, gathered into eight thematic sections or parts, each of which is grouped around three keywords. After an introduction by Rodrigo Cacho Casal that historicizes and problematizes the term Golden Age as a label for the period and sets out the volume’s challenge to reductively homogeneous depictions of early modern Spain and its empire, the latter focus is then most directly explored in its opening sections. Part 1, “Kingdom, [End Page 139] empire, world,” begins with Thomas James Dandelet’s exploration of “political culture” and the deliberate echoing of classical ideas of empire alongside the rise of Spanish military power, examining architecture as a means to “celebrate and memorialize their victories” (19), as seen in the palace of Charles V in Granada and the Escorial. Pilar Ponce Leiva and Amorina Villarreal Brasca then detail the empire as administrative phenomenon, examining the structures used for governing overseas territories and the importance of negotiation and consensus-building in this model of rule. Two final chapters look specifically east and west, with Alejandro Cañeque’s welcome and productive study of eastern expansion, trade, and evangelization in Japan, alongside Elizabeth B. Davis’s account of the realities of crossing the Atlantic as found in the 1657 relación of Diego Portichuelo de Ribadeneyra; the latter also suggests an approach for exploring the aesthetic and craft of such accounts, particularly by focusing on the manipulation of diegetic time.

In part 2, “Knowledge, capital, control,” Antonio Sánchez implicitly picks up threads from Cañeque’s focus on cosmography and the drawing of imperial boundaries and Davis’s attention to maritime culture, charting developments in map-making and navigation and their implications for early modern conceptions of knowledge. José Ramón Marcaida then explores the relationship between knowledge and wonder as imperial expansion brought new knowledge of nature, through the work of Juan Eusebio Nieremberg and particular study of the manucodiata or bird of paradise. In one of the highlights of the volume, María José Vega examines Benito Arias Montano’s invention of the expurgatory index (1571), as well as the role and importance of the index rerum, and in so doing provides a model of the immense value of book history more generally, illuminating the variation in approaches to censorship across Europe and providing valuable insight into early modern reading practices. In this part’s...

 审阅者：

• 
  早期现代西班牙文学和文化的劳特利奇西班牙研究伴侣编辑。作者：罗德里戈·卡乔·卡萨尔和卡罗琳·伊根
•  理查德·拉伯恩

《伴侣》这一类型在学术界已经获得了如此突出的地位，以至于对此类作品的评论现在有了自己的修辞。传统的序言是通过反思任何同伴所参与的困难的平衡行为来提供的，既为学科专家提供了最先进的调查，也为更广泛的受众提供了一个易于理解的切入点。本卷的编辑将这一“双重”目的定义为“介绍近代早期西班牙的知识和艺术广度，并回顾与这一时期有关的最新批评趋势和理论话语”(x)；更一般地说，我们可能会将其视为通常伴随两种不同类型读者的伴侣。然而，在这种情况下，还有更进一步的意义，因为这本书的构思方式是安东尼奥·德·内布里哈 (Antonio de Nebrija) 1492 年的白话语法对卡斯蒂利亚语言的著名概念化：作为帝国的伴侣，特别是贯穿全文的伴侣。最近关于帝国所意味着什么的学术研究——不是一个“过于静态”和“同质”的巨石（7），而是一个本质上由多个连锁中心组成的联邦结构，为地方变化和谈判留下了空间。这就是这本现代《内布里哈》旨在为读者解析的早期现代世界的观点，事实上，这种对当地特殊性和内部复杂性的强调仍然以某种形式成为该书最显着的特征之一。

该卷的引言和三十六章从一系列不同的角度探讨这个世界，分为八个主题部分或部分，每个部分都围绕三个关键词进行分组。在罗德里戈·卡乔·卡萨尔（Rodrigo Cacho Casal）的介绍中，对黄金时代这一术语作为该时期的标签进行了历史化和问题化，并提出了本书对对现代早期西班牙及其帝国的还原同质描述的挑战，后者的焦点在开篇中得到了最直接的探讨。部分。第 1 部分“王国、 [完第 139 页]帝国、世界”从托马斯·詹姆斯·丹德雷 (Thomas James Dandelet) 对“政治文化”的探索开始，并在西班牙军事力量的崛起过程中刻意呼应帝国的古典思想，考察建筑作为一种手段“庆祝并纪念他们的胜利”（19），正如格拉纳达查理五世宫殿和埃斯科里亚尔所见。随后，皮拉尔·庞塞·莱瓦 (Pilar Ponce Leiva) 和阿莫里纳·比利亚雷亚尔·布拉斯卡 (Amorina Villarreal Brasca) 将帝国详细描述为行政现象，研究了用于管理海外领土的结构以及在这种统治模式中谈判和建立共识的重要性。最后两章特别着眼于东方和西方，其中亚历杭德罗·卡涅克（Alejandro Cañeque）对日本的东部扩张、贸易和福音传播进行了广受欢迎且富有成效的研究，同时伊丽莎白·B·戴维斯（Elizabeth B. Davis）对横渡大西洋的现实进行了描述，这在1657年迭戈·波蒂丘埃洛·德（Diego Portichuelo de）的关系中可以找到。里瓦德内拉；后者还提出了一种探索此类叙述的美学和工艺的方法，特别是通过关注叙事时间的操纵。

在第二部分“知识、资本、控制”中，安东尼奥·桑切斯含蓄地借鉴了卡涅克对宇宙学和帝国边界绘制的关注，以及戴维斯对海洋文化的关注，描绘了地图制作和航海的发展及其对早期现代的影响。知识的概念。然后，何塞·拉蒙·马卡伊达 (José Ramón Marcaida) 通过胡安·尤西比奥·尼伦伯格 (Juan Eusebio Nieremberg) 的作品以及对天堂鸟的特别研究，探讨了帝国扩张带来的新自然知识时知识与奇迹之间的关系。在该卷的亮点之一中，玛丽亚·何塞·维加（María José Vega）研究了贝尼托·阿里亚斯·蒙塔诺（Benito Arias Montano）发明的炼狱索引（1571年），以及索引的作用和重要性，从而提供了书籍巨大价值的模型。更广泛的历史，阐明了整个欧洲审查制度的差异，并为早期现代阅读实践提供了宝贵的见解。在这部分的...