Mid-crustal magma domains are the source of many basaltic eruptions. Lavas from individual eruptions are often chemically homogeneous, suggesting that they derive from single, well-mixed magma reservoirs. The 2023 to 2024 eruptions at Sundhnúksgígar in the Svartsengi volcanic system in Iceland provide an opportunity to observe the behavior of a mid-crustal magma domain at high spatial and temporal resolution by detailed sampling and geochemical characterization. We observed substantial mantle-derived geochemical variability in the products erupted in the first hours of the December 2023 and January, February, and March to May 2024 eruptions, indicating that the eruptions derived from multiple magma reservoirs, which mineral-melt equilibration pressures place in the mid crust. The unusual presence of geochemical heterogeneity in the mid-crustal magma domain provides insights into how dynamic and complex mid-crustal magma domains can be.

中文翻译：

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2023 年至 2024 年冰岛 Sundhnúksgígar 火山喷发揭示的动态地壳中期岩浆区


地壳中期岩浆域是许多玄武岩喷发的来源。单个喷发产生的熔岩在化学上通常是均匀的，这表明它们来自单一的、混合良好的岩浆储层。2023 年至 2024 年冰岛 Svartsengi 火山系统 Sundhnúksgígar 的喷发为通过详细采样和地球化学表征，以高空间和时间分辨率观察地壳中岩浆域的行为提供了机会。我们在 2023 年 12 月和 2024 年 1 月、2 月和 3 月至 5 月喷发的最初几个小时内观察到产品中衍生的地幔地球化学变化很大，这表明喷发来自多个岩浆储层，矿物熔体平衡压力将其置于地壳中部。地壳中岩浆结构域中不寻常的地球化学非均质性为了解地壳中岩浆结构域的动态和复杂性提供了见解。