The purpose of this paper is to offer a comprehensive overview of the socioeconomic effects of earthquakes. We begin with a thorough literature review. Following this, we assess policy measures taken in response to major earthquakes, drawing on existing research to formulate insights and recommendations that policymakers can use to effectively navigate the risks in the aftermath of such disasters. In addition to reviewing the literature and analyzing policy interventions, we conduct an in‐depth examination of the economic repercussions of earthquakes. Our analysis utilizes data from around 80 significant earthquakes across more than 30 countries. The findings indicate that, while the overall effect of major earthquakes on GDP per capita is generally small, the impact on fiscal accounts can be substantial, although this varies significantly between economies. External trade balances tend to weaken, with a considerable decrease in exports and an ambiguous effect on imports.

中文翻译：

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挖掘地震的影响：经济和社会后果回顾


本文的目的是全面概述地震的社会经济影响。我们首先进行彻底的文献综述。此后，我们评估为应对大地震而采取的政策措施，利用现有研究提出见解和建议，政策制定者可以利用这些见解和建议来有效应对此类灾难后的风险。除了回顾文献和分析政策干预之外，我们还深入研究了地震的经济影响。我们的分析利用了 30 多个国家约 80 次重大地震的数据。研究结果表明，虽然大地震对人均国内生产总值的总体影响一般较小，但对财政账户的影响可能很大，尽管不同经济体之间差异很大。对外贸易平衡趋于减弱，出口大幅下降，对进口的影响不明确。