OBJECTIVE The aim of the study is to assess associations between substance use and menopausal symptoms among US people living with and without HIV in a longitudinal cohort. METHODS We analyzed self-reported menopausal symptoms and substance use from biannual Women's Interagency HIV Study (WIHS) visits from 2008-2020. Substance use since the last visit or lifetime cumulative use included tobacco, alcohol, marijuana, crack/cocaine, and opioids. Logistic regression quantified associations between each substance use and menopausal symptom frequency (vasomotor, mood, and musculoskeletal), adjusting for other substance use, HIV status, demographics, comorbidities, and trauma. RESULTS A total of 1,949 participants contributed early perimenopausal, late perimenopausal, or postmenopausal study visits. Across reproductive-aging stages, based on menstrual history, and among participants with and without HIV, participants reported frequent vasomotor (range 22-43%), mood (18-28%), and musculoskeletal (25-34%) symptoms. Many reported ever using tobacco (72%), heavy alcohol (75%), marijuana (73%), crack (50%), and opioids (31%). Current heavy alcohol use (odds ratio [OR]: 1.22; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.10-1.37), cumulative marijuana use (OR: 1.15, 95% CI: 1.01-1.32), and cumulative tobacco use (OR: 1.06, 95% CI: 1.01-1.12) were associated with a higher frequency of vasomotor symptoms; current heavy alcohol use (OR: 1.20, 95% CI: 1.04-1.39) and current opioid use (OR: 1.13; 95% CI: 1.01-1.25) were associated with mood symptoms; and current opioid use (OR: 1.11, 95% CI: 1.00-1.23) was associated with musculoskeletal symptoms. All other associations were found to be null. CONCLUSIONS Current and prior substance use may independently affect symptoms experienced during the menopausal transition and may indicate potential to benefit from additional intervention and referral to menopause specialty care.

中文翻译：

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2008-2020 年美国艾滋病毒感染者和未感染者的药物使用和更年期症状。


目的 该研究的目的是在纵向队列中评估感染和未感染艾滋病毒的美国人群物质使用与更年期症状之间的关联。方法 我们分析了 2008 年至 2020 年每两年一次的女性机构间艾滋病毒研究 (WIHS) 访问中自我报告的更年期症状和物质使用情况。自上次就诊以来的药物使用或一生累计使用包括烟草、酒精、大麻、快克/可卡因和阿片类药物。逻辑回归量化了每种物质使用与更年期症状频率（血管舒缩、情绪和肌肉骨骼）之间的关联，并根据其他物质使用、艾滋病毒状况、人口统计、合并症和创伤进行调整。结果 共有 1,949 名参与者参与了早期围绝经期、晚期围绝经期或绝经后研究访视。在整个生殖衰老阶段，根据月经史，在感染和未感染 HIV 的参与者中，参与者报告了频繁的血管舒缩（范围 22-43%）、情绪（18-28%）和肌肉骨骼（25-34%）症状。许多人报告曾经使用过烟草（72%）、重度酒精（75%）、大麻（73%）、可卡因（50%）和阿片类药物（31%）。当前大量饮酒（比值比 [OR]：1.22；95% 置信区间 [CI]：1.10-1.37）、累积大麻使用（OR：1.15，95% CI：1.01-1.32）和累积烟草使用（OR： 1.06，95% CI：1.01-1.12）与较高频率的血管舒缩症状相关；当前大量饮酒（OR：1.20，95％CI：1.04-1.39）和当前阿片类药物使用（OR：1.13；95％CI：1.01-1.25）与情绪症状相关；目前阿片类药物的使用（OR：1.11，95% CI：1.00-1.23）与肌肉骨骼症状相关。发现所有其他关联均无效。 结论 当前和之前的物质使用可能独立影响绝经过渡期间经历的症状，并可能表明有可能从额外的干预和转诊到更年期专业护理中受益。