Most of real-world structural components that undergo cyclic loading feature multiaxial fatigue. When the cyclic loading involves also significant plastic deformation, multiaxial low-cycle fatigue takes place. Applications where multiaxial low-cycle fatigue can be observed very often involve metal components. To predict their lives multiple criteria and models have been proposed, but their development has not followed a regular path. Multiple reviews are available in literature. However, many of them are outdated, they often employ different classification methods to categorize available criteria, many focus on specific families of criteria, and others do not include sufficient theoretical background. Moreover, none of the available reviews is based on a systematic literature search method. As a result, approaching the topic can result arduous and chaotic, especially for first timers. This work aims at providing a clear, comprehensive, and definitive review of available criteria for multiaxial low-cycle fatigue. First, the basic theoretical background is explained. Secondly, a systematic approach is described and employed to identify all major currently available criteria. Then, they are classified and commentary about different classification styles that can be found in literature is added. Eventually they are described, together with their latest proposed variations. In this way this review can be employed as a guiding reference, especially for engineers approaching the topic for the first time.

中文翻译：

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金属寿命预测的多轴低周疲劳准则综述


大多数承受循环载荷的现实结构部件都具有多轴疲劳的特征。当循环载荷还涉及显着的塑性变形时，就会发生多轴低周疲劳。可以观察到多轴低周疲劳的应用通常涉及金属部件。为了预测他们的生活，人们提出了多种标准和模型，但他们的发展并没有遵循正常的道路。文献中有多种评论。然而，其中许多已经过时，它们经常采用不同的分类方法来对可用标准进行分类，许多集中于特定的标准系列，而另一些则不包含足够的理论背景。此外，现有的评论都不是基于系统的文献检索方法。因此，接近这个主题可能会导致困难和混乱，尤其是对于初学者来说。这项工作旨在对多轴低周疲劳的可用标准进行清晰、全面和明确的审查。首先，解释基本理论背景。其次，描述并采用系统方法来确定当前可用的所有主要标准。然后，对它们进行分类，并添加文献中可以找到的不同分类风格的评论。最终对它们以及它们最新提出的变体进行了描述。通过这种方式，这篇评论可以作为指导参考，特别是对于第一次接触该主题的工程师。