Quantum homomorphic encryption (QHE) can allow directly computation on the encrypted data without need to decrypt it in advance. It is also necessary to provide another property of verifiability that the client should verify whether the evaluation result is correct. However, most existing QHE schemes did not consider it and only assumed servers to be honest. In this paper, we propose a verifiable QHE (vQHE) scheme by using different types of circuits indistinguishable to the server, where the client can detect whether the server is honest or not by verifying the results of test circuits. Furthermore, by designing the gadgets to implement and test T gates and H gates in a non-interactive way for the used circuits, the proposed vQHE scheme does not require interaction during the process of evaluation. Thus the proposed vQHE scheme has the potential to make clients prefer to use it for protecting their private data in future quantum cloud environments.

中文翻译：

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基于乱码评估的可验证量子同态加密


量子同态加密（QHE）可以直接对加密数据进行计算，而无需提前解密。还需要提供另一个可验证性，即由客户端验证评估结果是否正确。然而，大多数现有的 QHE 方案并未考虑这一点，仅假设服务器是诚实的。在本文中，我们提出了一种可验证的QHE（vQHE）方案，通过使用服务器无法区分的不同类型的电路，客户端可以通过验证测试电路的结果来检测服务器是否诚实。此外，通过设计小工具以非交互方式对所使用的电路实现和测试T门和H门，所提出的vQHE方案在评估过程中不需要交互。因此，所提出的 vQHE 方案有可能使客户更愿意使用它来保护未来量子云环境中的私有数据。