In humans and animals, body posture is used in social and affective contexts to communicate social information, signal intentions, and prepare the individual for adaptive action. However, though stable individual differences in affect and social cognition are well studied, body posture continues to be typically studied in the context of state variation, and it remains unknown if trait-level differences in body posture exist and carry information about the individual. In our article, we show in a large sample (total N = 608 across five studies) that individual differences in body posture measured in a natural, baseline context are robustly associated with individual differences in personality. Through a series of studies, we characterize this relationship as reflecting individual differences in postural dominance and submission, which are associated with attitudes toward competition, power, and social hierarchy. We also validate our measure of natural posture by correlating it with physiological data from relevant musculature and showing its stability over a 1-month interval. Our work suggests that postural signaling of social rank occurs not just in brief displays in social contexts but exists as a stable individual trait with consequences for socioaffective processing. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2024 APA, all rights reserved).

中文翻译：

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自然站立姿势的差异与反社会和操纵性人格特征有关。


在人类和动物中，身体姿势用于社交和情感环境中，以传达社会信息、发出意图信号，并为个体的适应性行动做好准备。然而，尽管情感和社会认知方面的稳定个体差异得到了很好的研究，但身体姿势通常继续在状态变化的背景下进行研究，并且仍然不知道身体姿势的特征级差异是否存在并携带有关个体的信息。在我们的文章中，我们在一个大样本（五项研究的总 N = 608）中表明，在自然、基线背景下测量的身体姿势的个体差异与性格的个体差异密切相关。通过一系列研究，我们将这种关系描述为反映了姿势支配和服从的个体差异，这与对竞争、权力和社会等级的态度有关。我们还通过将自然姿势与来自相关肌肉组织的生理数据相关联并显示其在 1 个月间隔内的稳定性来验证我们对自然姿势的测量。我们的研究表明，社会等级的姿势信号不仅发生在社会环境中的短暂展示中，而且作为稳定的个体特征存在，对社会情感处理产生影响。（PsycInfo 数据库记录 （c） 2024 APA，保留所有权利）。