Home range size is a fundamental trait that can affect the probability of fish being harvested and, at the same time, may be affected by fishing. The relationship between home range size and fishing will impact the effectiveness of fully protected areas (FPAs), as it will influence the number of fish moving into fished areas, affecting both spillover and edge effects. One hypothesis is that individuals within FPAs will present reduced home range size relative to individuals in fished areas. This pattern can be driven by demographic selection (e.g. fishing of individuals with large home ranges leaving the FPAs), improved habitat requiring less foraging movements, or behavioural changes associated with reduced fishing threats. To test the relationship between home range size and protection, we compiled 1143 individual‐level home range sizes based on acoustic tracking, covering 17 species from 11 FPAs in 7 countries, with information on distance from FPA borders. A dichotomic analysis (in/out of FPAs) did not support a significant change in the home range size between FPAs and fished areas. However, continuous analysis across the FPA borders demonstrated reduced home range size within the FPAs. We did not find an effect of FPA age or size on this pattern. While we cannot pinpoint the underlying mechanism for the pattern revealed, we suggest behavioural changes as the main driver for reduced home range within FPAs. This mechanism will lead to more resident populations within FPAs, reducing fishing mortality within FPAs yet limiting spillover benefits to adjacent fisheries.

中文翻译：

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受到充分保护的海洋区域与鱼类栖息地的减少有关


活动范围大小是一个基本特征，可以影响鱼类收获的概率，同时也可能受到捕捞的影响。活动范围大小与捕捞之间的关系将影响完全保护区 (FPA) 的有效性，因为它将影响进入捕捞区域的鱼类数量，从而影响溢出效应和边缘效应。一种假设是，与捕捞区域内的个体相比，自由保护区内的个体的活动范围会缩小。这种模式可能是由人口选择（例如，对离开自由保护区的活动范围较大的个体进行捕捞）、需要较少觅食活动的栖息地改善或与捕捞威胁减少相关的行为变化驱动的。为了测试活动范围大小和保护之间的关系，我们基于声学跟踪编制了 1143 个个体水平的活动范围大小，涵盖 7 个国家 11 个 FPA 的 17 个物种，并提供了距 FPA 边界的距离信息。二分分析（FPAs 内/外）不支持 FPA 和捕捞区域之间的活动范围大小发​​生显着变化。然而，跨 FPA 边界的连续分析表明，FPA 内的活动范围缩小了。我们没有发现 FPA 年龄或体型对此模式有影响。虽然我们无法查明所揭示模式的根本机制，但我们建议行为变化是 FPA 内范围缩小的主要驱动因素。这一机制将导致更多的居住人口出现在自由贸易区内，从而降低自由贸易区内的捕捞死亡率，同时限制对邻近渔业的溢出效益。