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Molecular layer deposition of polyhydroquinone thin films for Li-ion battery applications
AIChE Journal ( IF 3.5 ) Pub Date : 2024-09-23 , DOI: 10.1002/aic.18613
Nikhila C. Paranamana, Amit K. Datta, Quinton K. Wyatt, Ryan C. Gettler, Andreas Werbrouck, Matthias J. Young

Many next-generation materials for Li-ion batteries are limited by material instabilities. To stabilize these materials, ultrathin, protective coatings are needed that conduct both lithium ions and electrons. Here, we demonstrate a hybrid chemistry combining molecular layer deposition (MLD) of trimethylaluminum (TMA) and p-hydroquinone (HQ) with oxidative molecular layer deposition (oMLD) of molybdenum pentachloride (MoCl5) and HQ to enable vapor-phase molecular layer growth of poly(p-hydroquinone) (PHQ)—a mixed electron and lithium ion conducting polymer. We employ quartz crystal microbalance (QCM) studies to understand the chemical mechanism and demonstrate controlled linear growth with a 0.5 nm/cycle growth rate. Spectroscopic characterization indicates that this hybrid MLD/oMLD chemistry polymerizes surface HQ monomers from the TMA-HQ chemistry to produce PHQ. The polymerization to PHQ improves air stability over MLD TMA-HQ films without crosslinking. Electrochemical measurements on hybrid MLD/oMLD films indicate electronic conductivity of ~10−9 S/cm and a Li-ion conductivity of ~10−4 S/cm. While these coatings show promise for Li-ion battery applications, this work focuses on establishing the coating chemistry and future studies are needed to examine the stability, structure, and cycling performance of these coatings in full Li-ion cells.

中文翻译:


用于锂离子电池应用的聚氢醌薄膜的分子层沉积



许多用于锂离子电池的下一代材料都受到材料不稳定性的限制。为了稳定这些材料,需要同时传导锂离子和电子的超薄保护涂层。在这里,我们展示了一种混合化学,将三甲基铝 (TMA) 和对氢醌 (HQ) 的分子层沉积 (MLD) 与五氯化钼 (MoCl5) 和 HQ 的氧化分子层沉积 (oMLD) 相结合,以实现聚对氢醌 (PHQ) 的气相分子层生长——一种混合电子和锂离子导电聚合物。我们采用石英晶体微天平 (QCM) 研究来了解化学机制,并证明以 0.5 nm/周期的生长速率控制线性生长。光谱表征表明,这种 MLD/oMLD 杂化化学将 TMA-HQ 化学中的表面 HQ 单体聚合以产生 PHQ。聚合成 PHQ 提高了 MLD TMA-HQ 薄膜的空气稳定性,无需交联。对 MLD/oMLD 混合薄膜的电化学测量表明,电子电导率为 ~10-9 S/cm,锂离子电导率为 ~10-4 S/cm。虽然这些涂层在锂离子电池应用中显示出前景,但这项工作的重点是建立涂层化学,需要进一步的研究来检查这些涂层在全锂离子电池中的稳定性、结构和循环性能。
更新日期:2024-09-23
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