Electric heaters based on functional materials and innovative designs have been developed for various applications. In this paper, we propose a soft dielectric heater (SDH) using polyvinyl chloride-gel (PVC-gel) as the dielectric heater and hydrogel as stretchable electrodes. Under an AC voltage, the leakage current in the PVC-gel leads to continuous injection and discharge of charges, causing the polarized plasticizers and flexible PVC chains to vibrate and collide, thereby generating heat through dielectric heating. Furthermore, the SDH generates a uniform temperature distribution even under strains up to 400%. Besides, high transmittance over 86% across the visible range renders it suitable for wearable or skin-mountable heaters from an esthetic viewpoint. Its capacitor-like structure achieves a scalable design, enabling extension from a singular cell to a row/column addressable and pixelated array of heaters. The 5 × 5 SDH array can deliver varied thermal information and sensations while maintaining performance even when stretched.

基于功能材料和创新设计的电加热器已开发用于各种应用。在本文中，我们提出了一种软介电加热器（SDH），使用聚氯乙烯凝胶（PVC-gel）作为介电加热器，水凝胶作为可拉伸电极。在交流电压下，PVC凝胶中的漏电流导致电荷不断注入和放电，引起极化增塑剂和柔性PVC链振动和碰撞，从而通过介电加热产生热量。此外，即使在高达 400% 的应变下，SDH 也会产生均匀的温度分布。此外，在可见光范围内超过 86% 的高透射率使其从美观角度适合用于可穿戴或皮肤安装加热器。其类似电容器的结构实现了可扩展的设计，能够从单个单元扩展到行/列可寻址和像素化的加热器阵列。 5 × 5 SDH 阵列可以提供各种热信息和感觉，同时即使在拉伸时也能保持性能。