Comprehending the hydrological conditions in wetlands is a critical aspect of successfully enhancing wetland conservation. The interaction between wetland surface water and groundwater is a complex process, requiring detailed onsite hydrological and soil surveys, laboratory experiments, and modeling to clarify this relationship. However, conventional investigation methods often cause significant disruptions and thus may affect the natural environment and compromise data reliability. In this study, a high-accuracy and low-environmental-disturbance (LED) approach was proposed involving modified falling head permeability and modified seepage meter tests to elucidate the groundwater characteristics in an ecological reserve. A water balance (WB) calculation method was employed to examine the performance of the proposed LED approach. The results revealed that the LED performed better than conventional methods in hydraulic conductivity and seepage velocity exploration, thereby improving the accuracy of quantifying groundwater flow. Moreover, the experimental findings and ecohydrological observations were used to assess the groundwater flow regime, and the data were consistent with the field survey results. The contradiction between conducting research and protecting ecological reserves can pose difficulties in the sustainable and effective management of wetlands. The LED approach can be applied broadly, especially in areas where significant disturbance should be avoided. The water budget model can thus be developed to help deduce the interaction between groundwater and surface water. We suggest that these innovative methods are effective tools and can assist both scientists and authorities in formulating corresponding habitat management strategies.

中文翻译：

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用于识别湿地地表水和地下水相互作用的高精度和低干扰方法


了解湿地的水文条件是成功加强湿地保护的一个关键方面。湿地地表水和地下水之间的相互作用是一个复杂的过程，需要详细的现场水文和土壤调查、实验室实验和建模来阐明这种关系。然而，传统的调查方法常常会造成严重的破坏，从而可能影响自然环境并损害数据的可靠性。在本研究中，提出了一种高精度、低环境干扰（LED）方法，包括修正落头渗透率和修正渗流计测试，以阐明生态保护区的地下水特征。采用水平衡 (WB) 计算方法来检查所提出的 LED 方法的性能。结果表明，LED在导水率和渗流速度勘探方面比传统方法表现更好，从而提高了地下水流量量化的准确性。此外，利用实验结果和生态水文观测来评估地下水流态，数据与实地调查结果一致。开展研究与保护生态保护区之间的矛盾会给湿地的可持续和有效管理带来困难。 LED 方法应用广泛，特别是在应避免明显干扰的区域。因此可以开发水收支模型来帮助推断地下水和地表水之间的相互作用。我们认为这些创新方法是有效的工具，可以帮助科学家和当局制定相应的栖息地管理策略。