Contamination with petroleum could alter the soil hydrological processes and degrade soil and vegetation. Reclamation of petroleum contaminated soil is limited by the absence of scientific data regarding contaminated soil hydrological properties. In this study, we determined the effects of petroleum contamination on the hydrological properties of sandy soil with different contamination levels (0 g kg−1, 5 g kg−1, 10 g kg−1, 20 g kg−1, and 40 g kg−1), through the Water Drop Penetration Time (WDPT) test, infiltration and evaporation experiment in soil columns. The results showed that petroleum contamination increased the water repellency of sandy soil (hydrophilic) to slightly hydrophobic (5 g kg−1), strongly hydrophobic (10 g kg−1), extremely hydrophobic (20 g kg−1, 40 g kg−1). With the increased water repellency, the average infiltration rate decreased from 5.65 mm min−1 to 2.88, 1.17, 0.24, 0.13 mm min−1, and the accumulated evaporation decreased from 59.62 mm to 55.26, 53.91, 45.03, 37.76 mm. Our study indicated that petroleum contamination reduced the soil infiltrability and evaporation in sandy soil, and the increased water repellency was the main reason for these changes. However, more researches were still deserved to explore the effects of hydrological properties on soil water, rainfall-runoff, and pollutant migration in petroleum contaminated soil, especially in the future of global warming and intensified hydrological cycles. Our findings provide the scientific data for understanding the hydrological properties to remove pollution and restore vegetation successfully in petroleum contaminated soil.

中文翻译：

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石油引起土壤斥水性并阻碍沙土的渗透和蒸发过程


石油污染可能会改变土壤水文过程并导致土壤和植被退化。由于缺乏有关受污染土壤水文特性的科学数据，石油污染土壤的修复受到限制。在本研究中，我们确定了石油污染对不同污染水平（0 g kg−1、5 g kg−1、10 g kg−1、20 g kg−1 和 40 g kg−1）沙土水文性质的影响。 kg−1)，通过水滴渗透时间（WDPT）测试、土柱中的渗透和蒸发实验。结果表明，石油污染使沙土的憎水性（亲水性）增加到微疏水性（5 g kg−1）、强疏水性（10 g kg−1）、极疏水性（20 g kg−1、40 g kg−1）。 1).随着拒水性的增加，平均入渗率从5.65 mm·min−1下降到2.88、1.17、0.24、0.13 mm·min−1，累计蒸发量从59.62 mm下降到55.26、53.91、45.03、37.76 mm。我们的研究表明，石油污染降低了沙土的渗透性和蒸发性，而憎水性的增加是造成这些变化的主要原因。然而，特别是在未来全球变暖和水文循环加剧的情况下，仍然需要更多的研究来探索水文性质对石油污染土壤中土壤水、降雨径流和污染物迁移的影响。我们的研究结果为了解石油污染土壤的水文特性、成功消除污染和恢复植被提供了科学数据。