Resilience is a characteristic of a system to adapt, resist and recover from disruptions as defined by the U.S. Federal Highway Administration. The concept has been adopted across several fields of research. Existing literature on roadway network resilience typically frames resilience in terms of performance metrics based on the attributes of the network (travel time or travel distance, for example). However, the impact of disruptions to roadway networks varies for different populations within communities because of various socioeconomic factors. While it is important to capture the performance characteristics of transportation networks to ensure goods and services can flow throughout a community, there also lies a need to consider the needs of populations in a community that are more vulnerable to disruptions due to limited mobility. This study aims to propose a framework for roadway network post-disaster recovery planning that considers the needs of socially vulnerable populations. Specific objectives of the study include: i) developing a geographic social vulnerability index (SVI) using census demographic data to quantify the extent to which communities may be considered “socially vulnerable” ii) integrating the index into an actionable decision framework for post-disaster bridge repair strategy and iii) demonstrating how the consideration of social vulnerability can influence network performance. By applying the framework to the Mobile Bay area in Alabama, the significance of including social vulnerability in resilience evaluation becomes evident.

中文翻译：

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考虑社会脆弱性的道路网络灾后决策框架


弹性是系统适应、抵抗和从美国联邦公路管理局定义的中断中恢复的特征。这个概念已被多个研究领域采用。关于道路网络弹性的现有文献通常根据网络属性（例如行驶时间或行驶距离）的性能指标来构建弹性。然而，由于各种社会经济因素，道路网络中断对社区内不同人群的影响各不相同。虽然捕获交通网络的性能特征以确保商品和服务可以在整个社区中流动很重要，但也需要考虑社区中更容易因行动不便而受到影响的人群的需求。本研究旨在提出一个道路网络灾后恢复规划框架，该框架考虑了社会弱势群体的需求。该研究的具体目标包括：i） 使用人口普查数据开发地理社会脆弱性指数 （SVI），以量化社区可能被视为“社会脆弱性”的程度 ii） 将该指数整合到灾后桥梁修复策略的可行决策框架中，以及 iii） 展示对社会脆弱性的考虑如何影响网络性能。通过将该框架应用于阿拉巴马州的莫比尔湾地区，将社会脆弱性纳入弹性评估的重要性变得显而易见。