In the renewable energies scenario, biogas has several advantages, such as reducing greenhouse gas emissions, the possibility of decentralized production, and using a wide variety of substrates. Many operational factors significantly impact biogas production efficiency, and failure to ideally align them can lead to adverse situations in the production process. In this context, uncontrolled foam formation is one of these main negative factors. To obtain a better understanding of foam formation during biogas production, this article carried out a survey of the most likely causes. The most relevant factors found are the inefficient agitation system, the excess organic loading rate into the equipment, and the stress of the microbial community. In addition, ways of mitigating the formed foam were investigated, and this work provides effective guidelines to overcome this problem, such as maintaining the agitation efficiently, regulating temperature and pH within ideal ranges, and controlling the microbial community with the application of antifoams being the most relevant action. Therefore, understanding the mechanisms of foam formation and mitigation methods will help develop more efficient forms of industrial operation. Finally, future research directions were proposed for anaerobic digestion and foam formation.

中文翻译：

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工业生物消化池中有效减少泡沫的策略：最先进的分析


在可再生能源场景中，沼气具有多种优势，例如减少温室气体排放、分散生产的可能性以及使用多种基质。许多操作因素会显著影响沼气生产效率，如果不能理想地调整它们，可能会导致生产过程中出现不利情况。在这种情况下，不受控制的泡沫形成是这些主要的负面因素之一。为了更好地了解沼气生产过程中泡沫的形成，本文对最可能的原因进行了调查。发现的最相关因素是低效的搅拌系统、设备中过高的有机负载率以及微生物群落的压力。此外，还研究了减轻形成泡沫的方法，这项工作为克服这个问题提供了有效的指南，例如有效保持搅拌，将温度和 pH 值调节在理想范围内，以及控制微生物群落，使用消泡剂是最相关的措施。因此，了解泡沫形成的机制和缓解方法将有助于开发更有效的工业运营形式。最后，提出了厌氧消化和泡沫形成的未来研究方向。