Recent research has witnessed a significant increase in studies investigating the impact of nanofluids on enhancing the efficiency of sustainable energy systems. According to the details that were provided, the present study aims to enhance the heat and exergy efficiency of parabolic trough solar collectors (PTSCs) by using a water-based hybrid nanofluid with dispersed Graphene-ZrO2 at various volume concentrations (water, 0.05 %, 0.075 %, 0.1 %, and 0.125 %) as the working fluid. This research employs the hybrid nanofluid to improve heat transfer characteristics within the C.S.P. system, enhancing thermal energy extraction and exergy utilization. The proposed nanofluid underwent Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) analysis to determine its transmission spectrum across various frequencies. X-ray diffraction analysis was also conducted to elucidate the structural characteristics of two identical water and hybrid working fluids. The maximum thermal efficiency of 68.7 % was achieved for the PTSC system by adding 0.125 % of ZrO2 nanoparticle concentration with a mass flow rate of 3 L/min. Exergy efficiency was found for maximum volume concentration compared to distilled water fluid. Experimental results indicate significant improvements in thermal energy (68.72 %) and exergy harvesting efficiency (16.7 %), demonstrating the potential of graphene-ZrO2/Water hybrid nanofluids as a viable solution for enhancing the performance of C.S.P. systems.

中文翻译：

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使用石墨烯-ZrO2/水混合纳米流体增强聚光太阳能发电系统中的热能和能量收集：一项实验研究


最近的研究见证了调查纳米流体对提高可持续能源系统效率影响的研究显着增加。根据提供的细节，本研究旨在通过使用水基混合纳米流体和各种体积浓度（水、0.05 %、0.075 %、0.1 % 和 0.125 %）的分散石墨烯-ZrO 2 作为工作流体，提高槽式太阳能集热器 （PTSC） 的热和用能效率。这项研究利用混合纳米流体来改善 CSP 系统内的传热特性，提高热能提取和用能利用。所提出的纳米流体进行了傅里叶变换红外光谱 （FTIR） 分析，以确定其在各种频率上的传输光谱。还进行了 X 射线衍射分析，以阐明两种相同的水和混合工作流体的结构特性。通过添加 0.125% 的 ZrO2 纳米颗粒浓度，质量流速为 3 L/min，PTSC 系统实现了 68.7% 的最大热效率。发现与蒸馏水流体相比，最大体积浓度的用能效率。实验结果表明，热能 （68.72%） 和用能收集效率 （16.7%） 显着提高，证明了石墨烯-ZrO2/水混合纳米流体作为提高 CSP 系统性能的可行解决方案的潜力。