The need for efficient and dependable lithium-ion battery packs has significantly increased as a result of the progressively rising sales of electric vehicles (EVs). Thermal management is one of the key factors in battery performance and durability. To avoid thermal deterioration, improve safety, and maximize system effectiveness, the battery pack's temperature must be carefully managed. These battery systems' potential for thermal runaway has raised concerns about how safely they can be operated in harsh environments. Environmental considerations, governmental laws, and developments in battery technology are driving the switch from internal combustion engines to electric automobiles. Lithium-ion batteries are sensitive to temperature variations and operating them outside the optimal temperature range can lead to accelerated degradation, reduced capacity, and compromised safety. Key performance indicators used to assess battery thermal management system effectiveness include temperature uniformity, cooling effectiveness, energy usage, and effect on battery life. This paper describes an experimental investigation that looked at how lithium-ion EV battery packs behaved in harsh environments. It also suggests a unique strategy to prevent thermal runaway by using materials like Transformer Oil (TO) and Phase Change Materials (PCM). A specially built experimental setup was created to undertake this inquiry in order to imitate several extreme situations, including high ambient temperatures. A lithium-ion (NMC) battery pack (7S3P) was put through the experimental phase's predicted harsh circumstances to see how it would react thermally. In order to obtain insight into the underlying mechanisms causing thermal runaway, the data acquired were evaluated, and crucial thermal metrics like temperature distribution, heat dissipation, and thermal gradients were studied. The experiment's findings showed that under extreme circumstances, conventional cooling techniques were ineffective in preventing thermal runaway, which resulted in serious safety risks and a reduction in battery performance. The suggested strategy, which incorporates PCM and TO, was then put into practice to fix these flaws and improve battery safety. Due to their ability to self-regulate, they served as components that prevented thermal runaway by limiting the rise in temperature under high-stress situations.

中文翻译：

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锂离子电动汽车电池组在极端条件下防止热失控行为的实验研究


由于电动汽车 （EV） 的销量不断增长，对高效可靠的锂离子电池组的需求显着增加。热管理是影响电池性能和耐用性的关键因素之一。为避免热劣化、提高安全性并最大限度地提高系统效率，必须仔细管理电池组的温度。这些电池系统潜在的热失控引发了人们对它们在恶劣环境中运行的安全性的担忧。环境考虑、政府法律和电池技术的发展正在推动从内燃机转向电动汽车。锂离子电池对温度变化很敏感，在最佳温度范围之外运行会导致加速降解、容量降低和安全性降低。用于评估电池热管理系统有效性的关键性能指标包括温度均匀性、冷却效率、能源使用和对电池寿命的影响。本文介绍了一项实验研究，该研究考察了锂离子 EV 电池组在恶劣环境中的行为。它还提出了一种独特的策略，通过使用变压器油 （TO） 和相变材料 （PCM） 等材料来防止热失控。为了进行这项调查，我们创建了一个专门建造的实验装置，以模拟几种极端情况，包括高环境温度。锂离子 （NMC） 电池组 （7S3P） 在实验阶段预测的恶劣环境中进行测试，以查看其热反应。 为了深入了解导致热失控的潜在机制，对获得的数据进行了评估，并研究了温度分布、散热和热梯度等关键热指标。实验结果表明，在极端情况下，传统的冷却技术无法有效防止热失控，从而导致严重的安全风险和电池性能下降。然后将包含 PCM 和 TO 的建议策略付诸实践，以修复这些缺陷并提高电池安全性。由于它们具有自我调节能力，因此它们在高应力情况下通过限制温度上升来充当防止热失控的组件。