BACKGROUND Approximately 40% of dementia cases worldwide are attributable to 12 potentially modifiable risk factors. However, the proportion attributable to these risks in Latin America remains unknown. We aimed to determine the population attributable fraction (PAF) of 12 modifiable risk factors for dementia in seven countries in Latin America. METHODS We used data from seven cross-sectional, nationally representative surveys with measurements of 12 modifiable risk factors for dementia (less education, hearing loss, hypertension, obesity, smoking, depression, social isolation, physical inactivity, diabetes, excessive alcohol intake, air pollution, and traumatic brain injury) done in Argentina, Brazil, Bolivia, Chile, Honduras, Mexico, and Peru. Data were collected between 2015 and 2021. Sample sizes ranged from 5995 to 107 907 participants (aged ≥18 years). We calculated risk factor prevalence and communalities in each country and used relative risks from previous meta-analyses to derive weighted PAFs. Pooled PAFs for Latin America were obtained using random effect meta-analyses. FINDINGS The overall proportion of dementia cases attributed to 12 modifiable risk factors varied across Latin American countries: weighted PAF 61·8% (95% CI 37·9-79·5) in Chile, 59·6% (35·8-77·3) in Argentina, 55·8% (35·7-71·5) in Mexico, 55·5% (35·9-70·4) in Bolivia, 53·6% (33·0-69·3) in Honduras, 48·2% (28·1-63·9) in Brazil, and 44·9% (25·8-61·2) in Peru. The overall PAF for dementia was 54·0% (48·8-59·6) for Latin America. The highest weighted PAFs in Latin American countries overall were for obesity (7%), physical inactivity (6%), and depression (5%). INTERPRETATION The estimated PAFs for Latin American countries were higher than previous global estimates. Obesity, physical inactivity, and depression were the main risk factors for dementia across seven Latin American countries. These findings have implications for public health and individually targeted dementia prevention strategies in Latin America. Although these results provide new information about Latin American countries, demographics and representativeness variations across surveys should be considered when interpreting these findings. FUNDING None.

中文翻译：

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七个拉丁美洲国家痴呆症风险因素的人口归因分数：使用横断面调查数据的分析。


背景 全世界大约 40% 的痴呆症病例可归因于 12 种潜在的可改变的风险因素。然而，拉丁美洲这些风险所占的比例仍然未知。我们的目的是确定拉丁美洲 7 个国家 12 种可改变的痴呆症危险因素的人口归因分数 (PAF)。方法 我们使用了七项具有全国代表性的横断面调查的数据，测量了 12 种可改变的痴呆危险因素（教育程度较低、听力损失、高血压、肥胖、吸烟、抑郁、社会孤立、缺乏身体活动、糖尿病、过量饮酒、空气污染和创伤性脑损伤）在阿根廷、巴西、玻利维亚、智利、洪都拉斯、墨西哥和秘鲁进行。数据收集于 2015 年至 2021 年间。样本量范围为 5995 至 107907 名参与者（年龄≥18 岁）。我们计算了每个国家的风险因素流行率和社区性，并使用之前荟萃分析中的相对风险来得出加权 PAF。拉丁美洲的汇总 PAF 是通过随机效应荟萃分析获得的。结果 拉丁美洲国家中 12 个可改变风险因素导致的痴呆病例总体比例各不相同：加权 PAF 为 61·8% (95% CI 37·9-79·5)，智利为 59·6% (35·8-77) ·3) 阿根廷，55·8% (35·7-71·5) 墨西哥，55·5% (35·9-70·4) 玻利维亚，53·6% (33·0-69·3) ）在洪都拉斯，48·2%（28·1-63·9）在巴西，44·9%（25·8-61·2）在秘鲁。拉丁美洲的痴呆症总体 PAF 为 54·0% (48·8-59·6)。拉丁美洲国家总体上权重最高的 PAF 是肥胖 (7%)、缺乏身体活动 (6%) 和抑郁 (5%)。解释 拉丁美洲国家的 PAF 估计值高于之前的全球估计值。 肥胖、缺乏身体活动和抑郁是七个拉丁美洲国家痴呆症的主要危险因素。这些发现对拉丁美洲的公共卫生和针对个体的痴呆症预防策略具有影响。尽管这些结果提供了有关拉丁美洲国家的新信息，但在解释这些发现时应考虑不同调查的人口统计数据和代表性差异。资金 无。